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Quick Search     Advanced Search   2016 Vol.33 Issue.5 Published 2016-09-15 CONTENTS CONTENTS 5 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 5-5 [Abstract] ( 56 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 236KB] ( 326 ) 6 Three Value Dimensions of the Postmodern Media Cultural Criticism ZENG Yi-guo Culture in Western countries changed greatly during their transition to post-industrial society since 1960s: Western modern culture began to transform into postmodern culture. In this process, the film, television and other emerging mass media as the characterization of postmodern society play an important role. Many scholars critically think about all kinds of postmodern media cultural phenomenon. Some celebrate that postmodernism subverts the artistic and aesthetic ideas of modernism and recognize the rationality of diversity and difference. Sometake a different attitude, believing postmodern culture is nothing more than a clutter of similar or identical products which are very shallow and have no personality whatsoever. It is a consumer culture completely manipulated by commerce and mass media. On the whole, the study of postmodernism reveals the complex postmodern media cultural phenomenon take on three value dimensions of happiness, consumption and significance. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 6-6 [Abstract] ( 76 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 530KB] ( 652 ) 12 Political Tendency and Narrative Strategy in Western Postmodern Visual Arts LIU Yong-liang, LIU Xin With the beginning of postmodern culture, since 1950s images with political tendency frequently appear in Western visual arts, among which political pop art and the artworks and images reflecting identity politics and post-colonialism highlight the political tendency in artistic creation. Political significance is usually implicit in postmodern artistic creation. This subtle technique refers to the value of postmodern culture. Growing from modernism, postmodernism deconstructs all the texts, meanings, representations and symbols, and allows infinite multifaceted interpretations. In exploration of their rights and positions, postmodern artists attempt to utilize the narrative strategies of deconstruction, appropriation, ridicule, metaphor and irony to make their works political in an implicit way so as to achieve the politicization of art. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 12-17 [Abstract] ( 44 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 490KB] ( 492 ) 18 Rise and Fall of the Leftist Political Groups in Hong Kong HAO Shi-nan Around the founding of People’s Republic of China, the leftist political groups in Hong Kong committed themselves to the values of patriotism, equality and radicalism. Since late 1960s, the leftist groups have been under pressure and compelled to pursue transformation. Politically they adhere to patriotism, but gradually downplay equality and radicalism socioeconomically. Afterwards, in the prevailing trend when political groups turned into political parties in Hong Kong, some leftist groups transformed into “pro-establishment” parties. Meanwhile, another type of “new leftist” parties came into being. The latter are socioeconomically more left-leaning but politically more “localized”. In recent years, the competition between these two types of parties has come to restrain the political development in Hong Kong. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 18-23 [Abstract] ( 67 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 492KB] ( 629 ) 24 Artistic Characteristics and Cultural Orientation of “Hong Kong Style” City Sculptures LI Xiao-lin The “Hong Kong style” city sculptures refer to the sculptures placed in the public spaces of Hong Kong which reflect traditional Chinese culture in the form of Western modernism. They originate and grow from traditional Chinese culture and Lingnan culture, and are influenced by Western commercial culture. In artistic expression, they utilize modern artistic techniques of abstraction, expression, symbolism, and images to reconstruct the image of Chinese culture connotation and present unique mixture of Chinese and Western culture. City sculptures are the products of group ideology and cultural identity, and play a role in their construction in the meantime. The study of “Hong Kong style” city sculptures helps better understand the group consciousness of Hong Kong, promote cultural exchange so as to make Hong Kong reunified with the mainland at cultural and ideological level. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 24-28 [Abstract] ( 71 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 440KB] ( 742 ) 29 Logic Start and Problem Domain of Internet Culture Industry ZHAN Yi-hong, HOU Shun Internet culture industry has come to be recognized as a new industry growing with the integration of Internet technology with culture industry. In recent years, it has been developing very fast and drawing much attention. However, this new industry is far from perfect in form, which leaves much space for research. Internet culture industry is the outcome of the integration of technology with culture at a certain historical stage. The strong correlation between technology and culture is the logic start of Internet culture industry research. In the study of Internet culture industry, academics have been focusing on the issues like historical construction, dependencies, types, characteristics, environmental regulation, and value guidance, which reveals the trend in this new research area. It is the priority to guide the development of Internet culture industry with socialist core values. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 29-35 [Abstract] ( 81 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 487KB] ( 633 ) 36 Context and Connotation of the “Internet Plus” Idea WANG Lin-sheng “Internet Plus” is a new concept that ushers in social development and reform. It promotes the formation of Internet-oriented network order and industrial structure. In the context of Western culture, “Industrial Internet” put forward by the US and German “Industry 4.0” both focus on technology reform, and relate maintaining and promoting national competitiveness in manufacturing industry to Internet. “Internet Plus” concept advocated in China focuses on cultivating and strengthening new forms of economy. Its practice is set in a complicated context with three overlapping periods: the “seizing high points period” brought by a new round of information technology reform, the “transformation and adjustment period” of industrial development modes, and the “growth and prosperity period” of emerging Internet industry. The difference in Chinese and Western context indicates the “Internet Plus” concept and its practice both have extensive connotation and extension. Theoretically, “Internet Plus” redefines the relationship between Internet information technology and current social economic development. It shows Internet has become a basic productive force for social economic development. Practically, “Internet Plus” represents significant changes in life style, production method and public service at a new stage of social economic development. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 36-41 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 487KB] ( 607 ) 42 On Mencius’ Virtue Cultivation KUANG Zhao Mencius’ exploration of human nature and discovery of virtue cultivation approaches made early Confucian thought rich and complete. Mencius used a series of roughly equivalent terms for virtue cultivation approaches, such as “cunxin (存心，retaining innate goodness) ” , “qiu fangxin ( 求放心，finding lost innate goodness)”, and “yangxin (养心，nourishing the mind). As for “yangxin”, Mencius first clearly related it to “guayu (寡欲，reducing desires). This is relevant to his differentiation between “qiu zai wo zhe (求在我者，pursuit of what is inside ourselves)” and “qiu zai wai zhe (求在外者，pursuit of what is outside ourselves)”. Human desires are “qiu wu yi yu de (求无益于得者，what our efforts do not help get as they are outside ourselves)”. We need to restrain our desires by means of negative approaches in virtue cultivation. In Mencius’ opinion, the purpose of “yangxin” is nothing more than showing “liangxin (良心，innate goodness), and not allowing it to be affected by external factors or inner desires. This kind of mental state Mencius called “bu dong xin (不动心，not wavering in the heart)”. To reach this state, one need to take the approach of “zhiyan yangqi (知言养气，understanding words and cultivating virtues)”. This is the most important part in Mencius’ understanding of virtue cultivation. It can be taken as a parallel development of the two cultivation approaches, “zhiyan’, “jiyi (集义，promoting righteousness)” and “yangqi”. Mencius’ argument of “zhitian (知天, knowing one’s destiny) ” and “shitian (事天, following one’s destiny) ” suggests that we can only achieve perfect human nature by way of virtue cultivation on the premise that we understand nature and human follow its own law. We need to draw a clear line between virtue cultivation and destiny as the former depends on ourselves while the latter does not. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 42-52 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 607KB] ( 585 ) 53 Social Antagonism: Essence of Marx’s Communication Alienation Theory LIU Wen-yi Communication is the basic way of human existence. In modern capitalist private ownership, it appears in the form of universal “alienation”. Communication alienation indicates people do not treat each other as humans but as materials. In the situation of communication alienation, interpersonal relationship turns into “the relationship between materials” or ‘materialized relationship”. Hidden under the “materialized” communication alienation is “the real interpersonal relationship”, namely social antagonism. Social?antagonism mainly manifests in two dimensions: the horizontal universal antagonism between humans and the vertical class antagonism between bourgeois and proletarians. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 53-57 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 413KB] ( 545 ) 58 Governance Ethical Dilemma and Counter Measures from Public Policy Perspective ZHUO Cheng-xia, GUO Cai-qin Public policy is a tool for the realization of public interests and values. It solves public problems through collective action of the government so as to fulfill the government functions of fair distribution of men, nature, and social value. At practical level, however, many ethical dilemmas face the government in its implementation of public policy. Public opinion cannot be voiced effectively. Public interest is hard to implement incrementally. It is hard to maintain justice in natural ecology. The government credibility declines. These difficulties pose tremendous challenge to the governance modernization of local governments. How to achieve multidimensional justice in the implementation of public policy becomes a problem in governance at national and local level. Under the new normal situation, the local government must make the best of public policy to achieve balance and stability, fairness and justice, and reasonable distribution. At ethical level, emphasis should be laid upon the relationship between development and man, nature, and society. Therefore, the government must guide officials through public policy to uphold justice in administration, performance evaluation mechanism, nature, and then in governance. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 58-66 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 542KB] ( 560 ) 67 On the Subject of Cultural Globalization in the Context of Modernity FAN Bin To discuss and analyze the subject of cultural globalization is the basis and premise of understanding cultural globalization. From the perspective of the subject of cultural globalization, cultural theories—whether they are Western culture subject theory, multicultural subject theory, or multicultural interaction theory—all have their own reasonable and biased aspects. Cultural globalization is essentially the expression of a common way of life at global level, and the subject of cultural globalization should be the actual promoter, leader and participant in the development of cultural globalization. The modern nature of the subject of cultural globalization has created a special “disembeding” mechanism, which makes it very inclusive, aggressive, and radiative. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 67-71 [Abstract] ( 56 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 411KB] ( 527 ) 72 Beyond “Cold Peace”:Current Status and Transcendence of Sino-US Relation FAN Ming-ying, LI Guang-yue Since the end of the Cold War, China’s peaceful development has been a major concern for human being. War and peace are not only two parts for the existence of human society, but also two common states in international relations. Currently, in between there is an unstable state—cold peace. The world today seems ordered, but actually disordered, where peace is increasingly cold. China and the United States will be major players in the world whether they cooperate or fight with each other. Sino-US relation should go beyond cold war mentality and zero-sum game logic. A new type of partnership between the two major countries featuring equal cooperation and mutual benefit should be established. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 72-77 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 495KB] ( 435 ) 78 Economic Diplomacy: Concept and Characteristics XU Jian-hua Economic diplomacy is an important form of diplomacy in the era of globalization, but there is a lot of debate on this concept and generalization of it as well. To a large extent, a diplomatic theory is actually a summary of a country’s diplomatic practice. A vague concept and generalization leads to the decline of theoretical logic and explanatory power. We need to redefine “economic diplomacy” from its background and its use in international relations, and strictly limit its range in order to better integrate it into a country’s foreign policy. Economic diplomacy is the extension of diplomacy in economic field for nations to realize their economic interests. Its basic features are economic goal-oriented, peaceful and indecisive, of which the first feature is the most important. Economic diplomacy has long been used as diplomatic means, but it appeared as a new phenomenon as it is elevated to be national policy or strategy only when a country and international relations are in a certain stage of development. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 78-83 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 456KB] ( 564 ) 84 Growth of China’s Middle Class and Wealth Distribution Adjustment HE Yu-chang, ZHENG Su-li Growth of middle class is an important indicator of socio-economic development, and an important way to narrow income disparity and promote fair distribution of wealth. The rapidly widening wealth gap in China is an increasing concern. In china, wealth is concentrated in the hands of the few, and it has small middle class but very large lower class. Middle class in China grows quite slowly, and most of their wealth is in real estate and very little in financial assets. They have actually lost their ability to move up in the social ladder. The widening wealth gap makes it impossible for all people to share the achievements of reform and development, and hinders the healthy development of society. To construct a well-off society by the end of the “13th Five-Year Plan” and achieve common prosperity, the key is to expand middle class—that is, raising the proportion of the middle-income group, increasing the size of middle class, and regulating taxes on the rich. Measures we need to take are as follows: helping lower class to move upward to middle class with anti-poverty measures; increasing property income of ordinary residents through various channels so as to have a bigger middle class; regulating housing market to help stabilize the value of housing wealth; introducing wealth tax helping people move up in the social ladder so as to expand middle class. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 84-89 [Abstract] ( 67 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 698KB] ( 526 ) 96 Urbanization Level and the Spatial Distribution of Service Industry HUANG Da-wei Urbanization level is closely related to the spatial distribution of service industry, especially at provincial level. Study shows China’s service industry at provincial level is significantly space determined. There is a negative correlation between a city’s urbanization level and its service industry. More specifically, in cities where service industry is at lower level, urbanization contributes more to the level of service industry. The contribution of the overall level of manufacturing industry, the level of labor-intensive manufacturing industry, population and economic density, and economic openness demonstrate a steady promotion in cities where their service industry is at different levels. Due to capital competition, labor-intensive manufacturing industry has a negative effect on service industry. Technology-intensive manufacturing industry, however, has a positive effect on service industry. The contribution of social bonds is on the whole positively skewed. The effect of government size curve is basically basin shaped. The ends of the curve show stronger effect. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 96-101 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 518KB] ( 427 ) 102 From Neighborhood System to Block System: Legal Analysis of the Intervention of Administrative Public Power ZHU Dai-xuan The “block system” reform is an important program initiated by China’s State Council in 2016 to strengthen urban planning and construction. However, how to promote “block system” reform by legitimate and reasonable means is a major issue Chinese legal system and theory have to address. China’s current land system and “House Acquisition from State-owned Land and Compensation Ordinance” can hardly be applied in “block system” reform, and therefore can hardly be its legal basis. They need to be amended and improved. We should change the current grass-root governance with “neighborhoods’ as basic units into the one with “buildings” as basic units so as to lay reasonable basis for the promotion of “block system” reform, such as safer property management service and better supporting public facilities. In practice, the intervention of administrative public power should conform with administrative purposes, make reasonable classification of current neighborhoods, and pursue gradual reform. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 102-107 [Abstract] ( 52 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 488KB] ( 536 ) 108 Theoretical Development and Practical Framework of Social Risk and Social Service Evaluation——Summary of China’s First Forum on Multi-Disciplinary Evaluation ZHOU Lin-gang, CHEN Yong-hai On June 12, 2016, co-hosted by Research Center for Social Development and Public Policy of Shenzhen University and Social Work Committee of Luohu District and organized by Shenzhen Multi-disciplinary Evaluation Institute, “China’s First Forum on Multi-Disciplinary Evaluation” was held in Shenzhen. At this forum, over ten experts and scholars from China’s prestigious universities and more than twenty leaders from government organizations had in-depth discussion of the social risk evaluation of major projects, and performance evaluation of public and social service. The present paper is a summary of the representative viewpoints at the forum. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 108-112 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 436KB] ( 448 ) 113 Literature Cognitive and Concept Formation of “Literature”in Zhou-Qin Dynasty CAO Sheng-gao The“literature” of four subjects in Confucius（孔门）,is often seen as concept formation of “Literature”. However, through the detailedtextual research, we can knowthis “literary” in Confucius is the theory of rites, which is the summary of cultural governance and rites and music education. But the related word“paper”refers toetiquette system. Tsunzi（荀子） advocated “gradually accumulation literature knowledge”（“积文学”）, which emphasized the process of humanized tendency. Mo-zi（墨子）collided rites and music, and the “literature” was limited to document or writings, pointed the meaning of “paper” in later ages. Han Fei-zi（韩非子）rejected “literature”, which is a clear understanding on the modification of literature, and positive takeadministrative strategy. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 113-119 [Abstract] ( 72 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 610KB] ( 577 ) 120 On Folk Love Songs in the Southern Dynasty from Wu Ge and Xi Qu WANG Yan’an Wu Ge (Wu Songs) and Xi Qu (Western Songs) in yuefu shiji (collection of poems of the official conservatory) recorded part of the folk love songs circulating in the Southern Dynasty. They provide us a glimpse of the folk love songs at that time. The love songs were recorded in the Southern Dynasty as the political center moved southward and the ruling class had aesthetic needs. Besides, the “yuanqing” poetics theory (a theory put forward by Lu Ji who believed the beauty of poetry came from emotion) was also a driving force behind this phenomenon. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 120-125 [Abstract] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 558KB] ( 1003 ) 126 On the Origin and Evolution of the Traitor’s Property FENG Bing The term “nichan (the traitor’s property)” was first explicitly put forward and used in Ming Dynasty, while its origin could be traced back to the property of people convicted of treason during the Warring States period. Following the tradition of Ming Dynasty, people in Qing Dynasty used “nichan” to refer to rebels’ property. Confiscation of a rebel’s property became an ordinance then. From the Revolution of 1911 to the Anti-Japanese War, “nichan” referred to the property of traitorous warlords, counterrevolutionaries, corrupt officials, local tyrants and evil gentry. During the Anti-Japanese War and the early postwar period, “nichan” mainly referred to the property of hanjian (people working for Japanese invaders). During the War of Liberation and the early days of the new China, “nichan” was classified into two types. Old ‘nichan” were the property of hanjian, and new “nichan” referred to the property of civil and military officials of the Nationalist Party, counterrevolutionaries, local despots, leading agents and so on. Governments of all ages used the definition and disposition of “nichan” as an important means for regime survival and the establishment of the government authority, and used their own political needs as the basis for the interpretation of “nichan”. The difference is that the disposition and use of “nichan” evolved with time as society develops and people’s legal awareness is strengthened. Progress in this regard is reflected in the elimination of unreasonable elements in confiscation system, the introduction of legal sense, and stronger human rights awareness. “Nichan” was no longer monopolized by royals, but increasingly taken for public use. Instead of being confiscated by military and government, much more “nichan” is now used for public welfare. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 126-133 [Abstract] ( 54 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 563KB] ( 652 ) 134 The Mountainous Silk Road: the Trading Route from Guangxi to Southeast Asia in Ancient Times YU Shi-jie Academics believe there are four major silk roads in ancient China. They are “the Northeast Silk Road”, “the Silk Road through Prairies”, “the Southwest Silk Road”, and “the Maritime Silk Road”. Apart from these four silk roads, in order to have more communication and closer economic ties with neighboring countries on the south via waterways, people in ancient China carved roads through mountains and thus opened land routes from Guangxi to Southeast Asia so as to have closer political ties with countries in that region. People opened trading posts and markets on this silk road in mountains. They used this land route to have commercial transaction with countries in Southeast Asia and created unique silk road culture. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 134-139 [Abstract] ( 71 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 559KB] ( 716 ) 140 A review of research on language, space and cognition JI Ying-lin The paper addresses the much-debated question of the relationship between language and cognition as reflected in the particular domain of space. It shows, first of all, that spatial expressions vary greatly across languages along a ‘continuum’ with satellite-framing and verb-framing languages at its two ends. Further, it reveals that in the fields of L1 and L2 acquisition, language-specific factors have a larger role to play as compared to cognitive universals, thus challenging the ‘Piagetian’ tradition. At the level of mental conceptualization beyond language use, the paper focuses on one key question, viz., are language differences merely superficial realizations of a common spatial framework, or a given language restricts a particular thought pattern? The striking divergences of research findings regarding this question have been analyzed in detail and directions for future research are suggested in a cross-disciplinary framework. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 140-147 [Abstract] ( 59 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 455KB] ( 520 ) 148 A Study of the “Mean and Harmony” Criterion for Translation Criticism from the Perspective of the Great Yi CHEN Dong-cheng The Zhou Yi or Book of Changes, teeming with philosophical wisdom, is the fountain of the Chinese civilization and some of its principles can be applied to translation studies. Based on the relevant philosophical thoughts of the Zhou Yi, the author puts forward the “mean and harmony” criterion for translation criticism, expounds its main characteristics of integration, diversity and dynamicness, and proposes various methods to fulfill the criterion. The paper provides a new approach to studies of the criterion for translation criticism and lays a foundation for further studies of translation criticism from the perspective of the Great Yi. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 148-154 [Abstract] ( 70 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 579KB] ( 655 ) 155 The Ethical Turn in the Context of The Development of Translation Studies XIN Guang-qin The ethical turn in translation studies has much to do with the development of Translation Studies. The “linguistic turn” and “cultural turn” in TS led to the awareness of the importance of ethical issues in translation, but they at the same time hindered the implementation of this ethical turn. As an integral property of translation, translation ethics addresses the possible harm and mutual benefits incurred by translation and translators to the passive entities like texts, languages and cultures as well as the active parties including individuals, collectivities and nations. The ethical turn in translation studies is found still in the state of increasing propensity and in urgent need of the propelling on the part of scholars in the field to help realize the goal of minimized harm and mutual benefits to the parties and entities involved. 2016 Vol. 33 (5): 155-160 [Abstract] ( 58 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 437KB] ( 450 )

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