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Quick Search     Advanced Search   2016 Vol.33 Issue.6 Published 2016-12-20 5 Hui Studies and Tibetology：Expression of Regional Cultures and National Identity WANG Zhi-wang Hui studies and Tibetology are typical representatives of China’s regional cultures. They are both signature brands of Chinese traditional culture, and have been intensively studied in recent years. As for Hui studies, it is the most complete of traditional Chinese culture and a key to reveal the essence of Chinese traditional society. As for Tibetology, the snow-covered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is like the old home of humanity which bears the imprints of Confucian culture everywhere. Tibetology represents a microcosm of Chinese culture. If Huizhou is the old home for Confucianism, Tibet is then a new home for it as Hui studies embody typical Confucian culture and reflect the general evolution pattern of Chinese ideology in late feudal society while Tibetology reveals Tibet does not only belong to Tibetan people but a part of Chinese nation in historic sense as well. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 5-10 [Abstract] ( 84 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 496KB] ( 1024 ) 11 Closed and Open: Development and Layout of Ancient Huizhou’s Land Transport ZHANG Liang It is generally believed that Huizhou’s transportation was mainly dependent upon waterway transport and supplemented by landway transport. However, the study of local historical records and the remaining relics of ancient roads indicate land transport accounted for a large proportion in ancient Huizhou’s transportation system. It is not only the basis for Huizhou’s material civilization, but also an important way for the formation, development and spread of Huizhou culture. In terms of time, land transport has a long history. It was initiated from the pre-Qin period to Sui Dynasty, established its network in Tang and Song Dynasties, and improved its transportation facilities from Southern Song Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasties. In terms of layout, Huizhou’s land transport network centered around Shexian, the seat of Huizhou Prefecture and constituted a radial pattern. Eastern and northern part of Huizhou had more land transport routes while southeastern and southwestern parts were mainly dependent upon waterways. These characteristics reflect Huizhou’s administrative division, economic geography, and physical geography as well. With the increasing improvement of both land and water transport, closed “mountains” and open “roads” together shaped Huizhou’s unique regional culture and splendid commercial civilization. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 68 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 579KB] ( 958 ) 18 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 18-18 [Abstract] ( 65 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 226KB] ( 777 ) 19 The Institutional (Cultural) Constraints to Implementation of “One Belt and One Road” Initiative TAO Yi-tao Basically, the implementation of “One Belt and One Road” initiative is not only an economic issue for both China and the countries along the route but a non-pure economic issue in which culture outweighs capital and institution outweighs technology. In comparison to capital and technology, the constraints from institutions (cultures) are both the softest and the hardest. The so-called institutional (cultural) constraints refer to the barriers in mutual understanding of the internal institutional arrangements caused by cultural elements such as different customs and values, and the impact of the internal institutional arrangements of different cultural traits upon the establishment of formal institution and the formation of the institutional environment in broader regions or within the community. The key to transcend the institutional (cultural) constraints is to establish an operable institution of mutual understanding and tolerance——a common cultural cognition system——on the basis of common prosperity. This should be the first strategy and consideration to ensure the implementation of “One Belt and One Road” initiative in both logical and real sense. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 19-24 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 497KB] ( 803 ) 25 From Free Trade Zones to Comprehensive Reform Pilot Areas: Step-by-step Implementation of China’s Open Economy Pilot Zones SUN Yuan-xin On the basis of the four free trade zones in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian, the central government made a new strategic decision in May 2016: China will construct twelve open economic reform pilot areas. If free trade zones can be taken as “preliminary trials”, the comprehensive reform pilot areas belong to “intermediate stage”. In accordance with the basic situation and targets, to further develop the comprehensive reform pilot areas, we need to focus on three aspects: to urge various kinds of pilot areas to focus on the overall goal of open economy; to define the function of various kinds of pilot areas and the working framework of the reform trial system, and to co-ordinate popularization of replicable experiences so that each area will not insist on going its own way, competition will not fall into chaos, and repetitive construction will also be avoided; to optimize the layout of the pilot program carriers, such as increasing major cities in northern China and along “One Belt and One Road”. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 25-29 [Abstract] ( 62 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 515KB] ( 653 ) 30 Implication of the Open Development Model of China’s Special Economic Zones to the Countries along “One Belt and One Road” YUAN Yi-ming The experimentation with economic system and the development practice are the tasks specific to China’s special economic zones. Excellent fulfillment of the tasks not only helps create great success in China’s special economic zones, but also offers a valuable reference for developing economies to find a general path of opening-up. The open development model of China’s special economic zones formed on this basis creates not only a favorable system for economic takeoff, but also the market enterprises for the operation of market system. At the same time, it also creates capital condition and market space. Patterning after the open development model of China’s special economic zones, the countries along “One Belt and One Road” will be complementary with each other, create huge market and increase trade volume for each other, and institutionally learn from each other, which will help all countries involved achieve the common goal of mutual development. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 30-34 [Abstract] ( 68 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 439KB] ( 684 ) 35 Study of Cultural Industry Development from the Perspective of Both Supply Side and Demand Side QI Ji The development of cultural industry is a process in which the industrial structure has been increasingly optimized and upgraded to be “rational” and “advanced”. Taking the understanding of supply side and demand side of cultural industry as the logical starting point, aiming at resolving the conflict between demand and supply, we need to focus on key elements and production to solve the problems with supply side in cultural industry, and tackle the problems with demand side from investment, output and consumption. These are important ways to promote the co-evolution of supply side and demand side, and optimize the driving force for cultural industry. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 35-41 [Abstract] ( 52 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 519KB] ( 613 ) 42 Cultural Industry Upgrading and Urban Cultural Innovation：A Case Study of Shenzhen ZHONG Ya-qin With the rapid development of cultural industries, Shenzhen, once labeled a “cultural desert”, is now taking the lead in the development of cultural industries in China. The development of cultural industries not only helps Shenzhen adjust its industrial structure and withstand economic crises, but also pushes the development of cultural industries in the city. Spurred by its cultural industries, Shenzhen has reconstructed its cultural space, created an innovative atmosphere, and therefore ushered in an overall change in urban art and cultural ecology. In the increasingly fierce city competition at global level, Shenzhen needs to figure out new ways to upgrade its cultural industries from the perspective of cultural innovation: to push deeper integration of cultural industries; to cultivate diverse public innovation subjects; to effectively grasp the opportunities offered by “Internet Plus”. With these efforts, Shenzhen is expected to achieve interaction and innovation development between its cultural industries and urban culture. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 42-47 [Abstract] ( 70 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 501KB] ( 628 ) 53 Structural Homogeneity of Marxist Belief and Chinese Traditional Confucian Faith ZHANG Tie-jun Marxism and Chinese traditional Confucianism are homogenous in belief structure. Confucianism is the mainstay of Chinese traditional culture, and the traditional culture gene shaped by the character of Chinese nation, and is thus the deep cultural and psychological reason for Chinese communists to accept and establish Marxism as their belief. The homogeneity in the structure of the Marxist belief accepted by Chinese communists and Chinese traditional Confucian faith can be viewed in three aspects: As for the settlement of life, they both aim to achieve immortality (ultimate concern) in this life; in terms of value, they both devote themselves to others to realize their values (meaning of life); with regard to the world (history) creator, they both believe people create history. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 53-58 [Abstract] ( 68 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 442KB] ( 702 ) 59 Reflection on Shame Vulnerability from the Perspective of Virtue Ethics TONG Jian-jun Shame is an important concept in Chinese ethics and moral practice. Appropriate shame is viewed as the manifestation of conscience by Confucianism. Shame is associated with vision, which is a negative emotional experience when “seen through” by others. Shame is self-consciousness of wrong doings, which mainly involves a whole self and reflects the moral flaws of the wrong doers. Shame is certainly a moral psychology and feeling that needs to be cultivated, but there is no necessary correlation between shame and virtue in both logical and real sense. Loss of shame is the natural trend in history. It may hint a new trend in morality. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 59-65 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 509KB] ( 673 ) 66 “Elaborating without Creating”and Deconstructionism: Two Interpretation Approaches of Classical Inheritance WANG Hong “Misreading” often happens in classical inheritance, which mainly includes misreading of language, of content, and of time and space. In general, we view misreading and misunderstanding as “prejudice”, but prejudice is not “ wrong reading”. Classical inheritance cannot do without the interpretation of classical texts. “Elaborating without creating (述而不作)” is the traditional Chinese approach of classical interpretation. In contrast, the interpretation approach of deconstructionism is just the other way around. For deconstructionism, misreading can be taken as innovation. But for those believing in “elaborating without creating”, “misreading” should be avoided. Though these two interpretation approaches are opposite to each other, they share the same goal: they both try to restore the true meaning so as to inherit classics and pass them on. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 66-71 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 453KB] ( 542 ) 72 Evolution of Subsidy Policy on “One Discussion over One Case”: Situational Cognition, Progressive Adjustment, and Path Optimization ZHANG Xin-wen, GAO Xiao After ten-year adjustment since its beginning, the “one discussion over one case” policy has experienced changes from raising funds and labor at village level to being subsidized by the government. In this process, the specific situational cognition at different times is the basic driving force for policy changes and progressive adjustment promotes the policy changes. On the basis of further updating situational cognition and progressive adjustment, “one discussion over one case” subsidy policy can play out the advantages of democratic decision-making and management by farmers, move forward to take on resources to the countryside, and completely relieve farmers from the burden of fund raising and labor raising so as to meet the demands of public goods at village level and push the democratic construction at grassroots level in China’s rural areas. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 72-77 [Abstract] ( 52 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 455KB] ( 448 ) 78 Public Sphere for Females and Justice Construction in Transnational Space: on Fraser’s Feminist Public Sphere Theory DAI Xue-hong Since 1980s, Fraser has been focusing on the study of public sphere and public space for females. Based on the criticism of Habermas’s public sphere theory and “Westphalia” framework, Fraser reconstructed the concepts such as “female public sphere” and “transnational space” and pictured a beautiful multi-dimensional prospect of the combination between female public sphere and feminism. In her research on justice practice in transnational space, referring to the instance of the World Social Forum, Fraser tried to meet the challenges of globalization to Westphalia’s concept of democracy and social justice. However, the combination of Fraser’s theory and practice has met with criticism from some political theorists. They believe Fraser’s theory of transnational public sphere is not coordinated with the practice of the World Social Forum. They also criticize Fraser’s theory of global democracy and social justice and more general criticism of democracy. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 78-84 [Abstract] ( 52 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 527KB] ( 710 ) 85 Deepening Reform of Fiscal and Taxation Systems: Expediting Finance Law LIU Xiao-chuan, XU Lei Deepening the reform of fiscal and taxation systems is a major task put forward at the third plenary session of the eighteenth CPC central committee. It is a deep reform related to national governance system and the modernization of governance capacity. We need to focus on deepening the reform in accordance with the central government’s requirements of “legislation first, reform later”. The top priority to the reform of fiscal and taxation systems is to enact higher-level law guiding finance and taxation, namely, Fiscal Law. Finance Law is the spiritual interpretation of Constitution, the legal norm for fiscal and taxation work, and the basis of the fiscal and taxation reform. Finance Law will focus on improving budget control system, deepening the reform of taxation system, and coordinating the financial relationship between central and local governments so as to help deepen fiscal and taxation systems. Only under the guidance and support of Finance Law can the reform of fiscal and taxation be deepened in accordance with the law, designed systematically, and pushed forward in an orderly fashion. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 85-89 [Abstract] ( 73 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 432KB] ( 473 ) 90 The Yangtze River Economic Belt: the Basis, Course, Problems and Model Choice of The Development of a River Basin Economy LUO Qing-he，ZHANG Chang The Yangtze River Economic Belt, characterized by being connected by rivers, gradient industrial distribution and closely related ecological environment, is a typical river basin economy. Since the reform and opening-up, the development and construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has experienced four stages, rising from self-development to national development strategy. However, currently its development is confronted with problems of administrative barriers, deterioration of ecological environment, absence of comprehensive management organizations, backward coordination system and mechanism, and imperfect law guarantee system. The experiences and lessons of the development models of the international basins such as Rhine and the Danube in Europe, Tennessee River and Mississippi River in the United States, and the Amazon in South America provide beneficial reference and enlightenment for the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt: to protect and effectively use water resources; to strengthen regulation and construction of river courses; to improve management mechanism of river basins; to cultivate the industrial belt and cluster in the basin; to attach importance to protection of ecology and environment. Priority of ecology, green development, joint efforts in large-scale protection, and no extensive development should be the basic principles for the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 90-96 [Abstract] ( 48 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 529KB] ( 575 ) 97 Impact of Internet Finance on China’s Financial Structure TENG Chao, YE Shu-jun It is of great significance to study the optimization of China’s financial structure. The analysis from the perspective of the technological supply of Internet finance reveals: the innovative Internet financial instruments break traditional financing patterns, accelerates the development of direct financing system, and thus affects the financial structure; Internet finance diverts deposits and loans from commercial banks, squeezes the margin of banks, and thus affects the financial structure as traders can only raise less money from banks; Internet finance pushes traditional brokerages to turn to differentiation and sophistication, to improve their resource allocation function, and to promote multi-level development of capital market, and thus affects the financial structure. The analysis from the perspective of Internet finance demand creation indicates: Internet finance develops potential financial demands, increases the overall scale of financial demand, and thus affects the financial structure. Therefore, on one hand, Internet financial enterprises should be encouraged to continue innovation to promote the development of Internet financial industry. In the meantime, discreet supervision should be exercised over Internet finance to ensure its healthy development. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 97-101 [Abstract] ( 68 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 446KB] ( 975 ) 102 Hunting for Fugitives Overseas, Recovering Ill-gotten Gains and Legalization of International Criminal Judicial Cooperation WANG Wen-hua In recent years, China’s anti-corruption campaign is highly effective, and has made significant achievements in the pursuit of embezzled money and international criminal judicial cooperation overseas. Thus, we shall take this opportunity to further enhance the legislation of international criminal judicial cooperation. In legislation, Anti-Corruption Law, Criminal Judicial Assistance Law and Law of Property Declaration for Civil Servants shall be expedited and relevant laws such as Extradition Law shall also be perfected. In the meantime, China shall also actively participate in the enactment of international anti-corruption treaties and propel to sign treaties of extradition and criminal judicial assistance with other countries. In terms of international criminal judicial cooperation, we shall persist in pursuing embezzled money by law and make sure to understand, familiarize, respect and flexibly apply the requested country’s relevant laws and regulations while attach great importance to human rights in the pursuit of embezzled money overseas. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 102-106 [Abstract] ( 59 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 485KB] ( 513 ) 107 Foreign Jury System and its Implication to China’s Judicial System WANG Ya-ming There are two major modes in jury system: the jury mode and the assessor mode. Each of them is inseparable from its particular cultural tradition and social factors, and influenced by the governance pattern and characteristics of law in the countries in which it is applied. Through ages, the jury mode and the assessor mode have turned from being contradictory to being complementary and integrated with each other. These two modes are quite different in system operation, hearing scope, trial cost, and cultural tradition, which leads to sharp distinction between the two modes and complete difference in the way they operate. China needs to draw on the advantages of the jury mode in the common law system to overcome the drawbacks of the assessor mode: to further define the roles of judges and the jury to avoid the phenomenon that the jury does not play its due role in the trial; to expand the scope of the jurors to promote judicial democracy and justice; to further enrich the types of jury cases; to enforce the right of the concerned people to exercise their choice of jurors to ensure the concerned people are clear about the jurors; to strictly forbid jurors to read case files before the court trial to make the court trial real; to set strict rules for the selection of jurors and to ensure they play their due role in the trial. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 107-113 [Abstract] ( 59 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 500KB] ( 374 ) 114 Several Theoretical Issues about Literature Studies before Tang Dynasty LIU Yue-jin Most remaining early ancient Chinese classical literatures can be dated back to before Tang Dynasty. These literatures have a long history, passing down from oral tradition to written versions, then from hand-copied versions to final versions, and finally becoming classics. Inevitably some variations might occur during this process so that the remaining classical literatures are from complex sources and there exist different opinions on author issues. Chinese and foreign academics have had in-depth and heated discussion on these complicated issues and heretofore they have never stopped. At present, early Chinese hand-copied literatures once again become a hot topic which involves a lot theoretical thinking and is worthy of attention. From historical perspective, this paper combs through the spread of early Chinese literatures. Then through comparison between Chinese and Western historical conception, it explores the basic approaches of studying hand-copied literatures: equal stress shall be laid on the three approaches of intensive textual reading, textual examination, and theoretical thinking. It is expected this will trigger a heated discussion among academics and a basic consensus will be formed on this issue. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 114-123 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 640KB] ( 799 ) 124 “Sobornost Doctrines” and Gogol’s Idea of Creative Writing XIAO Jing-yu As the most influential writer, playwright and thinker, Gogol replaced the vacuum left by Pushkin. He followed Pushikin’s national tradition and carried it forward, and thus ushered in a “Gogol era” in Russian literature. His creation has far-reaching influence upon later world-class masters such as Dostoevsky and Tolstoy, and his masterpieces Dead Souls and Imperial Envoy have always been viewed as classics in Russian literature. As they are increasingly well-known, they have become important sources for many creations in Russian literature. For a long time, researches on Gogol’s creation have been confined to its realistic inclination, artistic characteristics, aesthetic ideology and religious humanitarianism. But in fact, “Sobornost Doctrines”, the core tenets and “deep-seeded faith” of Orthodox church, are the spiritual basis for Gogol’s creation. They are the aesthetic sources of “anthropology” and “laughter with tears” in Gogol’s writing, and also the “Jacob’s ladder” to resurrection in Gogol’s novels. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 124-128 [Abstract] ( 72 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 500KB] ( 980 ) 129 “History” and “Thinking” in Intellectual History:A Debate between Pingti Ho and New Confucianism about the True Interpretation of Confucius“keji and fuli ” HE Zhuo-en, LIU Heng There are lots of controversies on the issues of “history” and “thinking” in the study of intellectual history. Some academics pay attention to exegesis, emphasizing "truth" of history in order to restore true history. Others, however, focus on philosophical reflection and emphasize the systematic characteristics of concepts so as to be creative in philosophical interpretation. In 1990s, the debate between Ping-ti Ho and New Confucianism scholars on the true interpretation of Confucius’ “keji and fuli(克己复礼)” in Hong Kong’s 21st Century was a typical discussion in this field. Although the debate came to nought as they both hold onto their opinions and showed little agreement with each other, the new ideas put forward by some of the scholars who closely followed this debate help us make further reflection upon the issues of “history” and “thinking” in intellectual history. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 129-136 [Abstract] ( 65 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 632KB] ( 616 ) 137 Government Withdrawing and Merchants Entering: Evolution of the Cost Supply System of Salt-Makers in Ming Dynasty LV Xiao-qin In early Ming Dynasty, the royal government paid wages to salt-makers. As the system was nearly dead later, salt merchants stepped in to cover the cost. After long-time exploration in mid-Ming Dynasty, in the 45th year of Wanli period, it was finally established that salt merchants should pay wages to salt-makers. Thereafter, “government withdrawing and merchants entering” became a distinctive feature of salt field management in Ming Dynasty. However, whether wages of salt-makers were paid by the royal government or salt merchants, various measures taken by the royal government of Ming Dynasty all failed due to the heavy financial burden of the wages, and in this process the salt field management was also constantly trapped in dilemmas, which reveals the inflexibility in salt industry management in the royal government of Ming Dynasty. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 137-142 [Abstract] ( 48 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 498KB] ( 433 ) 143 Coordinated Development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its Features of Different Stages since the Founding of New China WEI Li-hua The coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Heibei is a topic of long history. In more than sixty years after the founding of new China, the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Heibei has experienced five stages through ups and downs, namely, the stage of frequent adjustment of administrative divisions, the preliminary stage of coordinated development, the stage of divided competition, the stage of hesitant advancement, and the historical turning-point stage, and they all demonstrate distinctive features of particular historical periods. A comprehensive analysis of the history of the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Heibei since the founding of new China and summary of the characteristics of different stages will provide reference to better plan the prospect for the coordinated development in that region. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 143-150 [Abstract] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 522KB] ( 864 ) 151 Speaking from Teaching Process ZHANG Chu-ting Teaching theory originated from Germany. Apart from teaching objectives, content and approaches, teaching process is also a subject of study. Many academics believe teaching process is a creative cognitive activity. This view is one-sided and has produced some negative impacts. Man has cognitive abilities, emotions and will power. More than developing cognitive abilities, teaching should also focus on edifying emotions and strengthening will power. The teaching process should cover all the three aspects. We can say that any theory on all-around development without the comprehensive development of cognitive abilities, emotions and will power actually does not have core content. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 151-154 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 424KB] ( 487 ) 155 On the Innovation-driven Reform of College Classroom Teaching Tian Jian-rong, Yin Da The essence of innovation-driven development strategy relied on scientific and technological innovation-driven development, and it is necessary for the reform path of college class under the strategic background of innovation-driven to aim at the problems existing in college class, and stick on the principle of innovation-driven development. Taking improving the learning ability of college students as the core, taking clarifying the nature of teaching as a precondition, based on meeting the learning needs of students, take building resources sharing platform as the key, rely on the technology improvement and innovation, guided by innovation-oriented development, take innovation and entrepreneurship education as the content, take cultivating innovative talents of entrepreneurship as the purpose, integrate and cohesion the class traction of teachers, internal-driving learning force of students, the supporting force of curriculum resources, and the driving force of teaching force and technology. Adhering to human-oriented principle and the "love" philosophy of education is effective way for the success of the reformation of college classroom. 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 155-158 [Abstract] ( 45 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 390KB] ( 510 ) 159 2016 Vol. 33 (6): 159-160 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 305KB] ( 427 )

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