公共决策中网络协商民主的形式及效能分析

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摘要协商民主是公共决策科学化、民主化的重要前提和保障。随着信息技术的发展,网络成为协商民主的重要平台。将网络协商民主嵌入公共决策过程,其主要形式包括政府主动响应式政治过程中围绕重大决策或特定政治活动的网络协商和日常的网络问政、政府被动反应式政治过程中网络舆情引发的协商。面对网络是否实现了协商民主理想的争论,围绕协商民主的核心理念,选取参与度、公共理性、协商过程和结果等变量,检验不同形式网络协商民主的效能,研究发现：政府主动响应式政治过程中的网络协商更具理性和持续性,政府被动反应式政治过程中的网络协商参与度更高、但理性不足。将公共决策的网络协商纳入体制框架,使其更具长效机制和规范化发展是今后的努力方向。

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	赵海艳

关键词 ：公共决策, 协商民主, 网络协商民主, 公共理性, 公众参与

Abstract：Deliberative democracy is an important prerequisite and guarantee for scientific and democratic public decision-making. With the development of information technology, the Internet has become an important platform for deliberative democracy. The major forms of integrating Internet-based deliberative democracy into public decision-making process include Internet-based deliberation on major decisions or specific political activities in the government's proactive political process, the government’s regular consultation, and the deliberation triggered by online public sentiment in the government's reactive political process. In response to the debate on whether the Internet helps realize the ideal of deliberative democracy, this essay focuses on the core concept of deliberative democracy, and selects the variables such as participation degree, public rationality, negotiation process and outcome to test the effectiveness of different forms of the Internet-based deliberative democracy. The study finds that online deliberation is more rational and sustainable when the government is in a proactive political process, while it involves more public participation but not rational enough when the government is in a reactive political process. It is the future direction to incorporate online deliberation of public decision-making into institutional frameworks and make it a more effective long-term mechanism and standardize its development.

Key words： public decision-making deliberative democracy network-based deliberative democracy public reason public participation

收稿日期: 2018-12-10

中图分类号:

D630

基金资助:国家社会科学基金青年项目“‘互联网+’公共决策中的协商民主研究”（16CZZ008）

作者简介: 赵海艳,东北大学管理学博士,黑龙江省委党校副教授,主要从事公共政策、公共管理研究。

引用本文:

赵海艳. 公共决策中网络协商民主的形式及效能分析[J]. 《深圳大学学报》（人文社科版）, 2019, 36(4): 125-133. ZHAO Haiyan. Forms and Effectiveness of Internet-based Deliberative Democracy in Public Decision-making. , 2019, 36(4): 125-133.

链接本文:

https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V36/I4/125

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