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	2022 Vol.39 Issue.6 Published 2022-11-15

	Dialogue on Civilization and Cultural Comparison Special Zones and Chinese Road Economic Growth and Financial Innovation Humanities and Chinese Spirit Innovation Economy and Cultural Industry Politics,Law and Social Governance

Special Zones and Chinese Road

	5	Logic of Temperament behind the CPC’s Historical Confidence in Long-term Governance
		YI Xin-tao
		To build a modern socialist country in an all-round way and to a long-term ruling Marxist party, we must remain confident in our history. This confidence, a spiritual quality, has developed from a unique logic. Over the past century, the CPC has been committed to the ideals and beliefs of Marxism and communism, being confident in victory, showing lofty ambitions, and giving historical confidence soul and direction. The revolutionary heroism of building the CPC for the public interest, being brave and tenacious, not afraid of sacrifice, and optimistic encodes unyielding character, providing a selfless tone for historical confidence. Adhering to the “two combinations” of Marxism, and constantly promoting localization and modernization of Marxism in China shows extraordinary theoretical courage, laying a solid theoretical foundation for historical confidence. The strict organizational framework and strong party members have gained extensive popularity, providing a strong organizational guarantee for historical confidence. Putting people first and staying true to the abiding mission of serving the people wholeheartedly exhibits awe-inspiring righteousness, defining the fundamental value for historical confidence. Accentuating self-revolution and promoting the CPC’s self-revolution in the process of innovating on the basis of what has worked in the past makes the CPC thrive and breathes life into the historical confidence.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 5-13 [Abstract] ( 13 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 580KB] ( 168 )

	14	The “Whole-Process” Logic, Pattern and Mechanism of the Whole-Process People’s Democracy
		WANG Xiao-li, HUANG Yuan-feng
		The whole-process people’s democracy is a “democratic road”, “democratic pattern” and “democratic plan” fundamentally different from Western democracy. The “whole-process” is the key to understanding people’s democracy, the latest theoretical achievement of the combination of Marxist theory of democracy and Chinese democratic practice, the return to the essence of democracy, and the scientific expression of democratic laws. The “whole-process” pattern presents a realistic picture reflecting the authentic subjects of democracy, the all-round vision of democracy, and all aspects of the democratic process. The operation of the “whole-process” mechanism integrates the three-dimensional dynamic system of “value concept, institutional framework and institutional practice”, runs through the closed-loop operation process of decision-making, implementation and supervision. reflects the deep logic of the unity of “the Party’s leadership, the people’s status as masters of the country and the rule of law”, creates an operation network of people’s democracy at all levels and in all aspects. The “whole-process” logic, pattern and mechanism of the whole-process people’s democracy have created a new form of human political civilization, bringing alive the Chinese experience, Chinese wisdom and Chinese plans for the development of human political civilization.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 14-21 [Abstract] ( 11 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 490KB] ( 149 )

Dialogue on Civilization and Cultural Comparison

	22	Reasons for and Approaches to the Studies of Cross-Cultural History
		WANG Ling
		In making sense of otherness, we should pay attention to three characteristics of culture: a system of meanings, subjectivity, and being ruled by a peculiar dialectic. The attention to global history can be explained by two human motivations: One is the perennial quest for universal ideas and ideals, and the other is to bring the writing of history closer to the scientific model, and help peoples to transcend divisions and share a sense of human solidarity. The researchers into the history of intercultural encounters need to attend to three subjectivities in order to expose both cultures’ inner cores inhabited by their respective assumptions about the world, society and order, understand the reasons for frequent resistance to otherness, and peek into the space where local and global histories overlap. The approaches to overcoming the challenges to the studies of cross-cultural history lie in enhancing interdisciplinary awareness, and concentrating on the mutuality and space of culture change triggered by cultural difference. Any acculturation is accompanied by deculturation. The efforts to preserve the diversity of world cultures will be more advisable than the unifying attempts. Contradictory values will coexist. The tolerance based on understanding otherness will be more promising than the attempts to homogenize. Cross-cultural history can serve as a link between local and global histories, and a cognitive point of departure for increasing understanding among societies, but only at the local dimensions can the full depth of its meanings be accessed. The studies of cross-cultural history can bridge the gap between the essential preservationism of an individual culture and the globalization process that exacts change in its preserving structure. The injection of otherness will turn into culture change when it is domesticated into normalness, so the researchers should examine the local dimensions of both the exporter and the recipient, and the cross-cultural communication process of forming shared meanings, negotiating identities, expressing beliefs, reproducing values, and molding symbolic representations of reality and order.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 22-30 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 533KB] ( 302 )

	31	Situational Ontology and Situational Reflection: Connection between Chinese Characters and Traditional Chinese Philosophy
		KANG Zhong-qian, WANG Jiang-wei
		Up to now, people still use conceptualized and objectified way of thinking of Western traditional philosophy to study Chinese traditional philosophy. In general, the mainstream traditional Chinese philosophy explores the situational metaphysical ontology in real life, and the corresponding way and level of thinking are pre-thinking or situational reflection. The situational ontology and situational reflection in traditional Chinese philosophy are rich in profound phenomenological thought. However, it is known that ancient China did not even have the discipline of “philosophy”. How, then, could it produce the profound situational ontology and situational way of thinking that was explicitly proposed and expounded by the phenomenology theory of modern Western philosophy? The reason lies in Chinese characters. A Chinese character contains an indication of pronunciation as well as an indication of meaning. More importantly, unlike alphabetical writings which are one-dimensional and linear, Chinese writing system is not based on an alphabet. Chinese characters are in a square shape. The pattern of Chinese character structures can be roughly categorized into five types: left-right, left-middle-right, top-bottom, and top-middle-bottom. These are tow-dimensional flat structures. They are ideographic, representing a situational image way of thinking. Therefore, Chinese characters actually gave birth to and nurtured situational ontology and situational reflection in traditional Chinese philosophy. Chinese characters and Chinese traditional philosophy are inherently connected. In terms of creation, Chinese characters are related to keeping records using string and knots. In other words, using knots for record keeping came first, then people transferred this approach to a flat structure, resulting in the divinatory diagram schema of the Book of Changes. The diagram of hexagrams then simultaneously diverged in two directions: in one direction it developed into ancient Chinese way of counting and calculating, giving birth to arithmetics; in the other direction it evolved into Chinese characters in ancient China, giving birth to the Chinese writing system.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 31-39 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 543KB] ( 122 )

Innovation Economy and Cultural Industry

	40	Evolution Context, Stage Characteristics and Development Trend of China’s Digital Culture Industry Policy
		CHEN Geng, LIN Jia-wen
		The development of industrial practice and the change of industrial policy are complementary with each other. A glimpse of the evolution trajectory and characteristics of each stage of the digital cultural industry policy helps further understanding the development process of the digital cultural industry and predict its future trends. The observation of China’s digital cultural industry policy from 1994 to 2021 reveals that the changes of China’s digital cultural industry policy can be divided into four stages: the budding stage, the initial stage, the development stage, and the mature stage. Over the years, the policies share certain general features: great in quantity; a wide range of subjects, and increasingly stronger effects. The analysis of the key words of the policies and semantic networks show the characteristics of the policy themes of the four stages are respectively as follows: the theme of the first stage is restrictive regulation and information infrastructure construction; the theme of the second stage is service management and support for important businesses; the theme of the third stage is reinforcement of incentive and innovation; the theme of the fourth stage is the whole industry chain construction and high-quality development. The semantic networks of the four stages are respectively represented by such highly relevant phrases as“operation-license”,“management-service”,“development-technology” and “development-culture”, which reflect the focus of policies in different stages. On the whole, China’s digital cultural industry policies show the following trend: in terms of policy subjects, the coordination among many departments are replacing independent regulation of a few departments; in terms of policy orientation, incentive development is replacing restrictive regulation; in terms of the policy language, it has changed from vague and weak to comprehensive and strong.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 40-51 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 894KB] ( 196 )

	52	Mechanism and Effect of IoT-Empowered Household Cultural Consumption
		ZHOU Jin, LIU Bai-yang
		In the era of digital economy, the application of the IoT (Internet of Things) can upgrade family cultural consumption scenarios, enhance the spiritual experience of cultural consumption, and build a cultural content sharing ecosystem equally accessible to urban and rural areas. The mechanism of IoT-empowered family cultural consumption is reflected in scenario empowerment, form empowerment, and content empowerment. They respectively promote the integration of online and offline cultural consumption scenarios, the integration of cultural activity experience and social connection interaction, and the integration of cultural content creation and digital technology innovation. Based on CFPS household data, the impact of the IoT on family cultural consumption is systematically investigated. The findings of the empirical research are as follows. The IoT helps increase household cultural consumption expenditure. The family income is positively related to the impact of the IoT on household cultural consumption expenditure. The promotion effect of the IoT on household cultural consumption expenditure is more obvious in high-income households. The impact of the IoT on household cultural consumption presents regional heterogeneity and difference in urban and rural areas: The IoT promotes the cultural consumption of urban families more than that of rural families. The IoT plays a more significant role in promoting household cultural consumption in eastern, central and western regions than in northeast China. In the future, we should optimize the supply of cultural products in the era of the digital economy, promote technology-empowered cultural consumption, and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas in cultural consumption, so as to help Chinese families pursue a better life and the high-quality development of the cultural industry.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 52-62 [Abstract] ( 12 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 573KB] ( 155 )

Economic Growth and Financial Innovation

	63	How Radical Innovation Drives Innovation Quality in High-tech Industry: Mechanism, Performance and Risks
		YU Li-ping, ZHANG Hong-ru
		With the escalation of Sino-US trade friction and the slowdown of globalization, China’s high-tech industry faces a tough situation in development. Radical innovation in a limited period of time is an important development approach. Unlike sustainable innovation, radical innovation refers to the activities that enterprises mobilize all resources, create a favorable innovation environment, roll out a series of innovation policies, and increase R & D funding and human resources in a short period of time to achieve desired results. Theoretical analysis shows that radical innovation has both positive and negative effects on innovation quality, and the final result depends on the difference between the two effects. Based on the statistics of China’s high-tech industry from 2010 to 2019, this paper employs a variety of estimation methods analyzing the relationship between radical innovation and innovation quality. The findings are as follows. A full sample of data shows that radical innovation does not have very positive effect on innovation quality, with an elasticity coefficient of -0.093. Heterogeneity analysis shows that in enterprises with high innovation quality, radical innovation is positively related to innovation quality and that small businesses of smaller innovation scales can do quite well in radical innovation. The interaction analysis shows that there is a good interaction between radical innovation and innovation quality. To give full play to the positive factors of radical innovation and promote high-quality development of high-tech industries, enterprises should pursue innovation in accordance with their own situation. The state should provide small businesses favorable policies in radical innovation, and policies regarding radical innovation in some key areas should be introduced as soon as possible.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 63-75 [Abstract] ( 21 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 736KB] ( 128 )

	76	Spatial Agglomeration, Innovation Interdependence and Externality of Urban Economic Growth
		JIA Qing-xian, ZHANG Zi-ran
		The spatial agglomeration strategies such as city clusters and metropolitan circles are vital for China to foster growth drivers and achieve high-quality economic development at this stage. Based on the data of 264 cities above the prefecture level in China from 2001 to 2018 and the dynamic spatial Durbin model, this paper observes the internal relationship between spatial agglomeration, technological innovation and economic growth, and explores the economic mechanism of city cluster strategy. The findings are as follows. (1) The direct effects of spatial agglomeration, technological innovation and their interactions have a significant impact on urban economic growth. From the perspective of the multi-dimensional indicators of spatial agglomeration, a 10% increase in capital, population, and enterprise agglomeration leads to an increase in urban economic output of 6.17%, 0.34% and 0.2% respectively. A 10% increase in technological innovation level increases the urban economic output by 0.45%. Technological innovation and population agglomeration have a positive interaction effect on urban economic growth.(2) Urban economic growth exhibits significant spatial externalities. The economic growth of neighboring cities and next-nearest cities has a spillover effect on the city, and the externalities of economic growth diminish with distance. (3) In comparison, the direct effects of population and capital agglomeration on economic growth in eastern region are respectively 14% and 12% stronger than in central and western regions. The agglomeration of enterprises in eastern cities induces stronger spatial externalities. The direct effect of technological innovation and its interaction effect with population agglomeration on economic growth are also stronger in eastern region than central and western regions.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 76-86 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 645KB] ( 151 )

Politics,Law and Social Governance

	87	Antitrust Civil Litigation Eligibility from the Perspective of Procedural Law and Substantive Law
		WANG Lei
		The identification of antitrust civil litigation eligibility requires appropriate policy-based legal techniques, and the coordination of procedural law and competition law, as well as the conformity of procedural eligibility and substantive policies. In judicial practice, the United States adopts legal techniques such as direct infringement and antitrust damage as the criteria for determining antitrust civil litigation eligibility, confusing procedural eligibility and substantive criteria. We should be cautious about the application of using similar criteria in China. From the perspective of procedural law, the inclusion of substantive criteria on damage will raise the bar on prosecution conditions, which does not help promote the private implementation of antitrust law. China should remove the substantive standards on damage and lower the bar on prosecution conditions to cultivate a good competition culture. From the perspective of substantive liability structure, treble damage system is not introduced in China’s liability consequence law to encourage victims to protect their rights, which is not an effective deterrence to proprietors. Therefore, it is not appropriate to attach other conditions to damage to drive up the standards of antitrust civil litigation eligibility. Instead, we need to simply take damage as the standard to lower the requirements for prosecution, lower the bar on liability determination, and adopt effective deterrence strategies for monopolists. Only with the combination of procedural law and substantive law can we properly identify antitrust civil litigation eligibility.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 87-96 [Abstract] ( 17 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 519KB] ( 148 )

	97	Legal Interest Protection of Data Security in China: Overseas Experience and Legislation
		CAI Shi-lin
		Data, the core element for all emerging technologies to evolve from concept to commercialization, is certainly a focus in legislation for all countries across the world. The legal interests of data security include the confidentiality, integrity and usefulness of data. They not only guide criminal legislation and judicature, but also become an important reason to prove that data security requires independent protection. Studying the three typical foreign legislative protection models, we find that they all, in essence, take the independent criminal law protection of data as the legislative motivation, and constantly specify types of data crimes despite differences in form. In comparison, China’s criminal law has many problems regarding the legislation of data security: the legislative concept is outdated, still clinging to the protection system centered on the security of “computer information system”; there are obvious loopholes in punishment, as a consequence the regulations regarding data crimes are neither comprehensive nor coordinated; the confusion in judicial application constitutes obstacles in the legal application of criminal charges. In the future, China’s criminal legislation should be based on the technical characteristics of data and the content of data security legal interests, specifying types of data crime. Besides, we should build an independent and comprehensive regulatory system of criminal law from four perspectives of invasion, destruction, acquisition, and supervisory administration.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 97-106 [Abstract] ( 13 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 563KB] ( 176 )

	107	A Research on the Mechanism and Effect of Institutional Integration on the Well-being of Migrant Population
		LIANG Tu-kun
		Enhancing the well-being of migrant population is an important part of achieving common prosperity for the people. The empirical research based on the data of the migrant population in the urban areas of the Yangtze River Delta in 2020 shows that there is much to be done in enhancing the well-being of migrant population. In terms of the impact of institutional integration, pension insurance does not have significant impact on the well-being of migrant population while the residence permit does, reflecting differences in the effects of different institutional integrations, and the importance of the residence permit. The residence permit not only has a direct effect on the well-being of the migrant population, but also boosts their faith in life and thus indirectly enhances their well-being. However, the indirect effect of the residence permit is greater than its direct effect, and the effect of the residence permit is mostly indirect. Moreover, the effect of the residence permit on happiness of the migrant population diminishes with generational changes from Generation X to Generations Y and Generation Z, reflecting the generational diminishing effect of the residence permit. The differences in effects of institutional integrations can be attributed to the differences in major functions, policy validity, and coverage scope between the old-age insurance system and the residence permit system. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding measures to effectively improve the happiness of the migrant population and help achieve common prosperity.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 107-118 [Abstract] ( 15 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 604KB] ( 180 )

Humanities and Chinese Spirit

	119	The Acceptance and Transformation of Existentialism in “New Realist Fiction”
		WANG Xiao-ping, CHEN Ban-si
		There is a complex and mysterious relationship between the new realist novel and the existentialist philosophy. From the two key words “absurd” and “troublesome”, we can find that: on the one hand, the new realism novels are based on existentialism, reflecting the perspectives of “existence before the essence” and “existence is absurd” ; On the other hand, it goes to the opposite side of existentialism and abandons the resistance to absurdity and free choice advocated by existentialist philosophies. One of the main reasons is that the new realism novel contains the dual dimensions of pursuing modernity and reflections of modernity, resulting in a series of divisions in the internal philosophical concept and value orientation: It transforms from anti-essentialism to the essence of daily life, from the critical position of intellectuals to the position of populism, from the denial of the meaning of daily life to the reconstruction of the value of secular life. This perspective of comparison can give us a deep understanding of the interaction between social reality and textual practice, between historical experience and literary expression. The acceptance and transformation of new realist fiction on existentialism also offers us a lesson on the influence study of comparative literature.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 119-129 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 644KB] ( 193 )

	130	Online Women’s Literature from Social Generational Perspective: Spiritual World and Discourse Expression
		MA Jing
		The ability to use the basic functions of computer networks such as the Internet and electronic media enables the post-80s women to build their generational awareness and cultural identity, and express themselves in cyberspace. The division of literature channels based on users’ gender, and the two-way author-audience communication and support pattern based on “love” and “money” also contribute to the development of online women’s literature. Since women began to write and read on the Internet, online women’s literature has become an important way for women to channel their imagination and express themselves. Its diverse evolution in genres, themes, interests and expression technology mirrors the complicated spiritual world of the new generation of women. After a short period of spiritual ignorance springing from blind faith in the myth of romantic love, the new generation of women bid farewell to the primary stage of constructing gender qualities and self-identity. The awakening female consciousness diverges. The spiritual orientation and discourse expression of online women’s literature are respectively manifested as: perception of the insignificance of individuals and submission to fate, belief in the paramount importance of survival and depiction of the darkness of jungle competition, rebellious parody in defiance of gender qualities and discourse order, and new attempts in rebuilding enlightenment ideals and identifying modern values. The spiritual trajectory and diverse expressions of online women’s literature are related to the social experience accumulation and self-awareness of the new generation of women. Each spiritual dimension and its expression can trigger topical discussion and shocks to feminine ideal in the Internet interest cultural field, where like-minded people resonate with each other.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 130-140 [Abstract] ( 19 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 674KB] ( 378 )

	141	The New Form of Human Civilization from the Perspective of Existentialism
		QI Cheng-shui
		The new form of human civilization is generated in the inquiry of human’s way of living. The inquiry into human’s way of thinking, production and living respectively give birth to the theory, practice and reality of the new form of human civilization. The new form of human civilization focuses on the dilemma of human existence. First, it focuses on the ecological predicament of human existence, reflecting upon the ecological issues such as human’s destruction of nature and the confrontation between man and nature in the material exchange process. Second, it focuses on the materialization predicament of human existence, reflecting upon the spiritual crisis due to human’s excessive pursuit of material things under the influence of fetishism. Third, it focuses on the justice predicament of human existence, reflecting on whether the production mode and the product distribution mode of social development are fair. The new form of human civilization is concerned about the realistic interest of human survival, the high-quality human survival and sustainable human survival, and enriches human practice in diverse activities. The new form of human civilization expands the natural space for human existence in improving the relationship between man and nature, building a beautiful China and promoting global ecological governance. It expands the social space for human existence in establishing the socialist space production mode and constructing the global communication justice pattern. It broadens the value space of human existence in promoting common values of mankind.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 141-150 [Abstract] ( 16 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 516KB] ( 161 )

	151	Towards A Just Social Community： Meritocracy Trap and Its Transcendence
		MENG Rui-feng
		The realization of a just social community is the value goal pursued by human beings, and the realization of a just social community depends on sound and reasonable distribution methods and mechanisms. Meritocracy is to distribute of what one deserves according to individual performance, achievements and contributions, and is generally recognized in the social environment where the market mechanism plays a role. This distribution method satisfies people’s legitimate expectations of competition rules, breaks the traditional way of distributing desert based on race, identity, and rank, stimulates people’s enthusiasm for creating social wealth, and improves the efficiency of social development. However, as the primary distribution method dominated by the market mechanism, meritocracy fails to fully consider fairness while improving efficiency, because differences in life starting points result in the accumulation of wealth, resources, and status under the influence of meritocracy. Inequality forms a trap that induces social conflicts, exacerbates the gap between the rich and the poor, and leads to the solidification of classes. A just social community requires both efficiency and fairness in distribution. In practice, redistribution and third distribution can be used to make up for the shortcomings of the meritocracy principle and form a variety of distribution methods. Specifically, we can seek a realistic way to build a just social community from the aspects of the government strengthening the protection of the basic fairness of the starting point, providing multiple opportunities, and improving the social moral responsibility of individuals.
		2022 Vol. 39 (6): 151-160 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 558KB] ( 287 )

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