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	2017 Vol.34 Issue.2 Published 2017-04-20

	Dialogue on Civilization and Cultural Comparison Philosophical Studies] Literary Studies Scholar Forum Studies of History Special Economic Zones and Chinese Paths] Creative Economy and Cultural Industry] Political Science] Economics Studies] Legal Studies]

Scholar Forum

	5	Health Revolution and Ethical Challenges in Big Data Age
		TIAN Hai-ping
		The introduction of digital technology has made personalized medical development a trend. The application of genetic technology has expedited the rise of precision medicine. The combination of digitalization and genetic technology has accelerated the restructure of medical morality in the aspects as human healthy, public good, shared ethics, and personal medical service, and embodied the patient-oriented ethics. The big data of medical treatment comes from digital human, and at the same time consistently promotes the integration of the digital human into the medical treatment. This has not only brought about changes in medical technology, but also essential changes in morality. The key for the big data technology to promote medical development, health revolution, and the development of human morality is to highlight the meaning of the relevance and connectedness between individual diagnoses and the overall situation so as to promote the integration of the two ethics.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 5-12 [Abstract] ( 66 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 617KB] ( 1517 )

Dialogue on Civilization and Cultural Comparison

	17	Religious Belief and Wealth Transfer in Italian Renaissance
		LIU Xin-li
		Italian Renaissance witnessed large amounts of remarkable religious artworks, and some even represented that period, indicating the wealth of some people turned to luxurious religious articles. From the 14th to the 16th century, the religious artworks evolved from religious necessities, religious ornaments to religious luxuries with main purposes of being doctrine publicity, authority demonstration and cultural inheritance respectively. The power for such development mainly includes two factors: the first is the sustainable development of European traditional culture with Christian culture at the core, in which classicism and humanism played important but auxiliary roles; the second is the development trend of Christian faith with doctrine popularized, service offering-oriented, and church secularized, in which the dogmatic theology of Christianity played an crucial guiding role. Religious luxuries held an important place among the artworks in Italian Renaissance, which indicates at least two points: religious faith could integrate with secular culture and further create and promote the cultural prosperity of that time; religious luxuries could take in some social wealth and further inherit and preserve the national cultural heritage.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 17-22 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 488KB] ( 668 )

	23	Funeral Rituals during the Cultural Integration between China and the US in Chaoshan of Late Qing Dynasty
		LI Qi-yao
		Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, the cultural exchange between China and the Western world has been oriented of world history and Chinese history. The reconstruction of the funeral ritual, the most import ritual in one’s life, came to be influenced by western culture. After Chaoshan was opened for foreign trade, the missionaries of American Baptist Missionary Union brought some American funeral ritual elements into that region. Based on both religious belief and secular life, the funeral rituals of the baptists in Chaoshan generally followed local traditions with the anti-church elements removed and some Christian rituals embedded. When embedding the Christian rituals, people not only referred to the actual funerals of some missionaries, but also localized them with great care, from which developed China’s own Christian funeral culture.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 23-29 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 703KB] ( 847 )

Special Economic Zones and Chinese Paths]

	30	On the Regulatory Mechanism over the Employment of Hong Kong’s Directorate Civil Servants after Their Leaving Office
		YAO Xiu-lan
		Directorate civil servants are the key members of civil servants. They are in high positions of power, and their words and deeds have broader ramifications. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate their employment after their leaving office. Hong Kong established a regulatory mechanism earlier than Chinese mainland and has formed a mechanism of “employment upon approval”. The regulatory term and job restriction are applied in accordance with the salary level of the civil servants, and the relevant information is made public. Having been in operation for years, this mechanism helps to retain the credibility of Hong Kong’s civil servants and has obvious legal value. It is thus widely recognized by Hong Kong people. Chinese mainland, however, lacks a distinct and unified mechanism in this regard. As a consequence, the phenomena as officials going into business after leaving office and the option right realization of power are serious. Anti-corruption is a primary task for China today. In this case, it is of great practical significance to learn from Hong Kong’s regulatory mechanism over the employments of the directorate civil servants after their leaving office so as to perfect relevant systems in Chinese mainland.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 30-37 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 512KB] ( 550 )

	38	Alienation and Transformation of Hong Kong’s Economy under the Free Market Economy System
		SUN Jun
		Due to historical reason and support of a fully-fledged legal system and free economic system, Hong Kong has become the most important window of China's economic exchange and trade with foreign countries. Hong Kong’s fast economic growth has bolstered its role as a global trade and financial center. With the deepening of China’s open-door policy and reform, Hong Kong has lost its advantages. When the economy enters a period of stagnation, a large number of hidden economic problems and contradictions begin to surface, and economic alienation becomes an obvious problem. The major problems facing Hong Kong include sharp contraction in industry, industry solidification, employment exclusion, the widening income gap, and the skyrocketing housing prices. Given the above, to pursue economic transformation and progress, Hong Kong has to give a full play to the “active” government and promote the implementation of policies. The paths for economic transformation involve the following points: promoting cross-regional collaboration in industries; increasing support from the government for innovation and underlining orientation and guidance; redefining Hong Kong’s role and promoting the re-integration between Hong Kong’s economy and that of mainland; making best of the opportunities presented by “One Belt One Road” initiative to consolidate and better play its role as a global center.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 38-44 [Abstract] ( 65 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 728KB] ( 698 )

	45	On Empowerment Principle, Characteristics and Mode of the Basic Law of the HKSAR
		PIAO Bin-jiu, LIU Shi-wei
		In the unitary state, local power is granted from the central government. In China, the relationship between the central government and the Hong Kong SAR is the relationship between the central government and the autonomous regions under the unitary system. The Basic Law of the HKSAR, a constitutional law to implement the principle of“one country, two systems” Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong; with a high degree of autonomy, implies“no conflict”, “limited intervention”, and “highly autonomous”are empowerment principles. The characteristics of HKSAR’s political system and the empowerment of the central government reflect the empowerment principle of the Basic Law. Based on the analysis of its empowerment principle and characteristics, we can see the “empowerment mode” implicit in the Basic Law is a centralized and integrated one.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 45-49 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 443KB] ( 509 )

Creative Economy and Cultural Industry]

	50	Creator Network: on the Evolution of Creative Class Theory under the Influence of Internet
		HUANG Bin, XIANG Yong
		The theory of creative class is an important analytical framework for studying the spatial agglomeration, industrial collaboration and behavior preference of creative industry practitioners. In recent years, under the influence of the Internet, the origin, nature, agglomeration form and industry collaboration of the creative class, and its relationship with consumers have changed. First, a large number of diversified amateur creators emerged, some of them turned to the professional creators when“learning by doing”, which led to innovation by cross-border convergence. Second, producers and professionals could find creation much easier with the Internet, which helped to form a broader network of creators, deepen the division of creative industries and improve the specialization of creation. Thirdly, the interaction between consumers and creator networks would form a creative consensus, some consumers even turned into creators, which further expanded the creative source. In the future, we need to further study the flow law of copyright, capital, technology and other elements in the creative network, and quantify the constitutive mechanism of the creative network, which could guide the creative practice, cultivate creative talents and improve the creative quality.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 50-54 [Abstract] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 708KB] ( 591 )

	55	Practical Barrier and Coping Strategies for China to Conduct Cultural Dissemination Overseas: Based on the Dissemination of Artifacts
		ZHANG Xiaogang
		Dissemination of artifacts is a way for China to break the barrier in overseas cultural dissemination. It conforms to the basic law of cross-culture communication, has its own disadvantages, and fits into the development context of Chinese society. To conduct dissemination of artifacts, we need a good top design, to learn from the successful experiences of western developed countries using artifacts for overseas cultural dissemination and their internal mechanism, to give due consideration to the psychological needs of overseas audience, to avoid misunderstanding and confrontational interpretation of cultural codes in the dissemination of artifacts, in the meantime to establish effective feedback mechanism regarding the effects of the dissemination of artifacts, and to achieve progress in accordance with the dissemination of cultural concepts.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 55-61 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 546KB] ( 780 )

Philosophical Studies]

	63	TANG Yi-jie’s Thought on the Relationship between Confucianism and Marxism and Its Revelation
		HU Zhi-hong
		TANG Yi-jie explored ways to combine Confucianism with Marxism no later than 1983. He emphasized the necessity of combining Confucianism with Marxism with an eye to achieving socialism with Chinese characteristics and making significant contribution to mankind. He pointed out there are many similarities between Confucianism and Marxism in social ideals, practical character, human nature and unity of opposites, and they are complementary in economy, law and tradition, and ethics, so that it is possible to combine Confucianism with Marxism. TANG’s thought reveals his confidence in Chinese culture, great vision, and courage as a theorist. It is of great significance to construct contemporary Chinese ideology which has inherent quality and authority to make Chinese nation highly identified ideologically so as to be united to achieve the comprehensive rejuvenation of Chinese nation.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 63-67 [Abstract] ( 64 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 437KB] ( 545 )

	68	A Methodological Reflection through the Concept Categorical Approach of TANG Yi-jie
		DU Bao-rui
		In this paper, the author makes a reflection on the methodology of the study of Chinese philosophical problems by Mr. TANG Yi-jie. This paper mainly focuses on the research of the category system of Chinese philosophy, as well as the problems of the Intrinsic Transcendence, the theory of Knowledge and the construction of Hermeneutics. The author believes that Mr. TANG’s creation is to opening the title of the philosophical issues, this is his philosopher oriented. But he has the practical effect of promoting the social movement of the Renaissance, which is the oriented of his practitioners. As a promoter of traditional Chinese culture, the author believes that, Mr. TANG’s role play from twentieth Century to twenty-first Century can rival the role of Master Taixu in the promotion of the Chinese Life Buddhist movement in the first half of the twentieth century. The author proposes an explanation framework as was cosmology, ontology, Gongfu theory and JingJie theory to supplement the shortcomings of the category research approach and to clarify the focus of intrinsic transcendence. And put forward the systematic, examination, applicability and selectivity issues to enrich Mr. TANG’s construction of Chinese philosophy of knowledge.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 68-74 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 465KB] ( 574 )

Political Science]

	75	The Popularization Path for the Construction of Anti-corruption System
		LIU Xiao-ling, CHEN Rui
		Scientific system is the fundamental guarantee for clean governance and anti-corruption campaign. At present, CPC and Chinese government have established a fairly perfect anti-corruption system, but we have to be aware that the macroscopic and theoretical characteristics of the construction of anti-corruption system have made the anti-corruption campaign stay at the party’s autonomy but detached from people and thus affected the effect of the anti-corruption campaign. Therefore, to combat corruption more effectively and combine the party’s autonomy and heteronomy outside the party, we need to achieve the popularization discourse transformation in terms of content and form in the construction of anti-corruption system.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 75-80 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 443KB] ( 373 )

	81	Reiteration of Public Reason: Civic Virtue from the Perspective of Deliberative Democracy
		HUANG Rui-bo
		The theory of public reason has been much misunderstood and queried. This paper reiterates public reason with a view to emphasizing public reason is essentially civic virtue and it shares the theoretical direction of deliberative democracy. The crises in democratic practices incurred by the emergence of pluralist democracy and the development of citizenship form the background of the reiteration of public reason. The theoretical response of deliberative democracy to current crises in democratic practices is the specific context of the reiteration of public reason. The criticism and reconstruction of civic virtue is the purpose of the reiteration of public reason. The theory of public reason aims to explore a new theoretical reconstruction to ease the crises in current democratic practices from the perspective of civic virtue and political community.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 81-86 [Abstract] ( 44 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 459KB] ( 553 )

Economics Studies]

	87	Review and Comment of the Economic Interest Elements in Economic Diplomacy
		TIAN Chun-sheng
		After WWII, the economic diplomacy of major countries has been playing an important role in the international arena. Although there are different types of economic diplomacy among major countries, a new characteristic after the cold war is that economic elements and economic power came to play increasingly important roles in international relations and economic interest elements are important in post-war economic diplomacy. With the aim of promoting international economic cooperation and mutual benefits and the new governance of international economic system as its starting point, economic diplomacy has been endowed with new functions and wider scopes. The definitions of the economic diplomacy scope are more different than similar. One of the reasons is that there is a lack of consensus as to the nature and the definition and implication of economic diplomacy: whether it is economic behavior or diplomatic practice. Besides, the interdisplinary characteristics of economic diplomacy are the academic roots for theoretical disputes over it. This paper suggests that the so called economic diplomacy is nothing but the extension of diplomacy in economic sphere. Diplomacy serves economy, which is an important reason for countries to enhance economic diplomacy or the impact of economic power. The competition for economic interests among countries actually allows economy and diplomacy more closely related to each other, and expands practices and scopes of economic diplomacy.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 87-93 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 476KB] ( 583 )

	94	American Foreign Trade Policies under Trump Administration: Ideas, Measures and Implications
		HAO Yu-biao
		Under Trump administration, considerable changes will take place in the direction of American trade policies, which may become a turning point in the development of the international trading system. President Trump advocates the idea of “fair trade” which pursues trade balance and gives priority to American interests. On one hand, Trump administration proposes more bilateral trade agreements to replace multilateral trade system and re-examine the existing?trade?agreements, on the other, it strictly implements relevant American laws related to trade, using trade remedies and “exchange rate manipulation countries” to impose pressure on the major sources of its trade deficits, and even impose unilateral sanctions in order to safeguard the domestic interest of the US. The changes in American trade policies will lead to greater challenges facing the WTO- dominated multilateral trading system and international trading system. China is a beneficiary of the WTO-dominated multilateral trading system. We need to respond cautiously and positively in face of the challenges and opportunities posed by the changes in trade policies of Trump administration.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 94-100 [Abstract] ( 56 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 519KB] ( 1384 )

	101	The Evolution, Characteristics and Orientation of China’s Affordable Housing System
		TAN Rui
		Thanks to the great efforts of policymakers at all levels, in recent years the physical quantity of affordable houses has been increasing at an alarming rate. In stark contrast, however, many problems have come up with the construction, management and operation of the affordable housing system, and its social effects are not satisfying. In the past 20 years, China’s affordable housing system has experienced four periods of gestation, regular development, climax, and adjustment. Throughout the course of evolution, there appear such problems and characteristics as loose organization, too many policy goals, difficult institutionalization of construction experience, and vague function definition. All these characteristics can be attributed to lack of a clear understanding of affordable housing as there is not sufficient research into “what is affordable housing”, “why to construct affordable housing”, and “what impacts affordable housing has” before and after large-scale construction. Therefore, apart from perfecting specific system designs at technological level, this paper suggests the government has to further understand the nature of affordable housing, straighten out the relationship between the market and the government, define the responsibilities of central government and local governments, and on this basis develop consistent policy principles so as to pave the way for the construction of efficient, fair, and sustainable affordable housing system.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 101-108 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 569KB] ( 672 )

	109	On the Warning Index System of China’s Stock Market
		WEI Wei, GUO Shi-ping
		In China, it is imperative to establish a warning index system for the stock market to prevent and monitor financial risks. What constrains the warning index system of the stock market includes price-earnings ratio, general monetary growth rate, stock volatility, and high transaction volume. These elements can be further classified into the international factors index, the domestic economic factors index, the stock market factors index, the external factors index, and the risk index of financial sectors and so forth. This kind of warning index system based on factor analysis which can reflect the true condition of the risks of securities is objective, and can reveal what factors have greater impact upon the stock market. Empirical analyses indicate the crash of Chinese stock market in 2015 was the result of a glut of money entering the stock market because of the financial leverage and the inadequate response of the warning index. Therefore, the establishment of the warning index system for Chinese stock market will effectively mitigate risks at the stock market, and will be beneficial for the healthy and sustainable development of Chinese stock market.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 109-116 [Abstract] ( 58 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 572KB] ( 726 )

Legal Studies]

	117	On the Construction of People Identification with the Law Mechanism
		YU Yanxiao
		In the implementation of law-based governance strategy and the legal construction, the issue of people identification with the law is very important. Scholars at home and abroad have studied the issue at different levels, including the core part of the identification with the law——the concepts, classification, and functions of identification with the value and the identification with the law and so on. These findings provide a good basis for the construction of the people identification with the law mechanism. Identification with the law is a process of cognition, and a process of identification as well. According to human cognitive process and the content, representation and functions of the law, people identification with the law should be composed of interest identification, system identification and value identification logic. Thus, the establishment of the identification with the law mechanism with logic should revolve around this prospect. For people’s demand for the rule of the law at different cognitive levels, we have to persist in democratic legislation, construct legal system representing and safeguarding the interests of people. Besides, we should construct a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, persist in synchronical promotion of “the five systems” to make law enforcement and juridical?practice law-based, and people’s observation of the law rule-based. Finally, we need to reform the justice system, achieve judicial justice, raise the credibility of?judicial?authority, and guarantee justice visible to people, all of which should be involved in our plan for legal construction.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 117-122 [Abstract] ( 52 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 467KB] ( 484 )

	123	On the Relationship between “Legal” Specifics and “Factual” Specifics in Subsidy and Counter-subsidy Measures
		REN Qiang
		Under Agreement on Subsidy and Counter-subsidy Measures (SCM), the specifics of subsidies are classified into two kinds: one is “legal” specifics, the other is “factual” specifics. The determination of these two is mainly dealt with in the three articles of 2.1（a）、2.1（b）、2.1（c）in SCM. It is generally recognized that the first two articles are “legal” specifics while the last is “factual” specific. It is controversial as to how an investigation organization should apply article 2.1 in the agreement. From the perspective of treaty interpretation and against the background of DS437, this paper elaborates that only when the appellate body determine the “specific” of the subsidy in the logical order from “legal” to “factual” can a reasonable expectation of the result from all the parties in the lawsuit and the stability of WTO rules system be maintained.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 123-128 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 442KB] ( 509 )

Literary Studies

	129	On LI Fu’s Criticism of Bagu Wen
		CHEN Shui-yun, ZHANG Xing-xing
		LI Fu was a famous official, a noted literatus, a famed scholar, and a great critic of Bagu Wen (Eight-part Essay) during the reigns of Emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. In his criticism of Bagu Wen, he attached great importance to classics and learning from the ancient, and advocated to respect the Confucian classics and widely read historical records, philosophical writings and literary collections. He thought highly of the style of Bagu Wen, gave equal weight to ancient essays and contemporary essays, and advocated to write in ancient style. He acknowledged the strict grammar of Bagu Wen, and accepted that essay writing should follow certain rules but not be constrained by rigid rules. He believed essay writers should figure out the implication of the topic and use essay writing approaches flexibly and creatively to elaborate on the topic. Above all, with the view of developing talents for the state and encouraging and supporting juniors, he required essay writers to be of literary grace and virtues as well, to be ethical and enterprising so as to prepare themselves for academic studies and future career. LI Fu’s criticism on Bagu Wen revealed high theoretical consciousness. It has historical value as well as realistic value. It is about how to write properly and how to live properly as well.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 129-133 [Abstract] ( 39 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 574KB] ( 640 )

	134	Expose and Aletheuein：QIAN Zhong-shu’s View of the Speech Pattern of Mysticism
		LIU Tao
		Trough the interpretation of Laotse’s mysticism, QIAN Zhong-shu makes in-depth analysis of the speech pattern of mysticism. After interpreting the first chapter of Laotse, QIAN puts forward the thesis that it is the non-speakable nature of Tao(道) that allows for various interpretation of Tao. On this basis, QIAN sharply criticizes the radical proposal of mysticism that saints should keep sagely silence, and believes the proposal contains insurmountable internal contradictions. QIAN points out that mysticism, by using dialectical method such as Laotse’s belief of “Tao is perpetual motion of contradiction”, has its own way of expression: using words to invalidate words or validating what it means by saying less and even the opposite. QIAN’s analysis of the speech pattern of mysticism is closely related to his exposition of related literary issues.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 134-139 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 518KB] ( 524 )

	140	From Western Centralism to Cultural Relativism: the Essence of Earl Miner’s View of Literature
		TAN Chang, RAO Peng-zi
		Earl Miner’s re-interpretation of “comparison” and reflection upon the dogmatism of “western (European) centralism” help eliminate the drawbacks of the single poetics?system of the West, and promote comparison and exchange of poetics of different cultural systems. However, he got bogged down by cultural relativism, or plunged into the pitfall of nihilism which negates everything. The “non-judgmental” way of thinking and approaches provide a possibility of breaking the predicaments of cultural relativism. Firstly, the purpose of comparison is not to make judgments. Secondly, no ethnic culture is superior to the others. Thirdly, no genre is superior to the others.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 140-143 [Abstract] ( 64 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 416KB] ( 462 )

Studies of History

	144	*The Assence of Academic Disputes between Beijing University and Southeast University in 1920s: with New Youth* and Critical Review as the Center**
		XU Xiao-qing
		In early 1920s, a fierce competition in academic culture happened between the two prestigious universities of the time, Beijing University and Southeast University. Critical Review and New Youth were the two major new media frontlines. They debated with tit-for-tat arguments on the issues such as old and new literature, real and fake literature, virtues and drawbacks of classical Chinese and modern vernacular Chinese, Confucius and traditional culture, neohumanism and experimentalism. On the surface, the debates centered on the battle between tradition and modernity, but they actually also went beyond the conflict between China and the western world. Their debates indicate the thorny issue of how to handle the relationship between Chinese traditional culture and western modernity. This phenomenon also became the geographical and factional source of “the academic division between north and south” in Republic of China in 1930s.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 144-151 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 588KB] ( 433 )

	152	Thirteen Factories of Canton: the Open Trend of Foreign Trade in Early Qing Dynasty
		TAN Yuan-heng, WU Liang-sheng
		During the reign of Yongzheng, only a few years after the South China Sea being opened for foreign trade, YANG Guang-qian and ZU Bing-gui went bankrupt one after the other. The debates and resistance of the merchants of the thirteen factories of Canton were represented by Tan Kangguan. Foreign academics believe “the earlier debate between TAN Kang-guan and SHOU Guan was more clearly expressed and it was this debate that triggered many chaos in trade.” The “chaos” in the eyes of foreigners, was actually intended to guarantee the opening of the sea for foreign trade and a normal economic order for it. Especially a series of very serious struggles of principles and visions happened to protect the strategies of opening the sea for trade through the formulation of rules. The elimination of additive tax further proved the court of Ming Dynasty differentiated “paying tributes” from “opening for trade, and the efforts of tax cuts to promote international trade made the tributary system shift to trade in market. All these reflect China was active and open to foreign trade in early Qing Dynasty.
		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 152-157 [Abstract] ( 41 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 549KB] ( 475 )

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		2017 Vol. 34 (2): 158-160 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 351KB] ( 478 )

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