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	2015 Vol.32 Issue.5 Published 2015-09-15

	Dialogue on Civilization and Cultural Comparison Philosophical Studies Philosophical Studies] Political Science Economics Studies Legal Studies Studies of International Relation Studies of Cultural Industry Literary Studies Artistic Studies Historical Studies

Dialogue on Civilization and Cultural Comparison

	14	LI Guang-yao’s Inverse Thought on Democracy
		LV Yuan-li, ZHANG Peng-qiang
		Giving an inverse thought to “what is democracy” is to reaffirm the definition of democracy so as to hold high the flag of democracy up into heaven. Giving an inverse thought to “what democracy is not” is to cool down the fever for democracy so as to bring the ideal of democracy down to earth. The Singaporean leadership represented by LI Guang-yao emphasizes an objective stance, and they seek to question the Western democratic principles by reflecting on “what democracy is not” so as to make ideal reconcile with reality. The main points include: (1) Democracy is not the supreme goal. (2) Democracy does not apply universally. (3) Democracy is not man-made. (4)Democracy does not mean one person one vote.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 14-19 [Abstract] ( 66 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 487KB] ( 741 )

Philosophical Studies

	20	Causal-theoretical Functionalism and Its Physicalist Argument
		CHEN Xiao-ping
		Functionalism dominates contemporary philosophy of mind. Causal-theoretical functionalism is influential in functionalism. Causal-theoretical functionalism tries to expound the nature of mind and its relation with the physical world by the concept of “causal role”, and makes the functional definition of psychological predicates with Ramsey-Lewis method. Drawing on the Turing machine theory, Kim and others try to clarify that functionalism is ontological physicalism, but are greatly challenged by the “Chinese room ” argument.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 20-25 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 420KB] ( 535 )

Philosophical Studies]

	26	The Theory of Benevolence of Huxiang School and ZHU Xi’s Criticism
		LI Jing-feng
		The theory of benevolence is the core category in the reconstruction of Confucianism in Northern Song Dynasty. Huxiang school continued and advanced CHENG Hao and XIE Liang-zuo's theory of benevolence. They didn't base their arguments on “physical nature”, but advocated “using mind to explain benevolence”, “using awareness to explain benevolence”, and “practicing benevolence after knowing the concept of ‘benevo-lence as substance’”, which made the status of “mind” outstanding and promoted the transition from “ theory of human nature” to“ theory of mind” since Han and Tang dynasties. In order to rebuild orthodox Confucianism and construct the theory of benevolence, ZHU Xi criticized the benevolence theory of Huxiang School for they ignored “physical nature” and their overall orientation was lofty and delusional. ZHU Xi’s criticism accelerated the decline of Huxiang School. Not until the rise of the mind-philosophy of LU Jiu-yuan and WANG Yang-ming did the theory of Chen Hao and Huxiang School revive and became distinctive.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 26-31 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 529KB] ( 483 )

	32	Ideological Analysis of "Hero Spoof" Phenomenon from Symbolic Interaction Perspective
		YAN Cui-juan, PING Zhang-qi
		Hero is an ideological symbol system people form in social interaction. It is an important instrument for the ruling elites and the mainstream ideology to achieve social integration and safeguard their legitimacy. Hero spoof is essentially an interaction between some youth subcultures influenced by radical social thought and the mainstream ideology in the way of modern cynicism. This cultural phenomenon carries obvious political implication and causes serious damage to national ideological security; it is a truly “evil culture”. In order to terminate the unhealthy trend of hero spoof at the source, we need redefine heroes and make them keep in pace with the time, namely, we should insist on the conception that heroes are great people historically memorable and currently honorable whether they are social elites or grassroots. In this way we seek to realize the transition from value recognition of political symbols to promotion of spirit of the times, and from the simple structure of perfectionism to the complex organization of realism. And we should take this opportunity to reflect on the relationship between the youth subculture and the main stream ideology, to guide the development of youth subcultures with the mainstream socialist ideology, and promote the positive interaction and integration between the two.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 32-36 [Abstract] ( 64 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 0KB] ( 311 )

Political Science

	37	On the Mechanisms of Religious NGOs to Resolve Religious Conflicts
		LIU Sheng-xiang, ZHANG Hong-yang
		With the end of the cold war, the opposition and conflict of international religious culture has become an important focus of international relations. However, for the time being we still lack effective solutions to religious conflicts in international arena. In addition, the international economic and political pattern has increasingly complicated the international religious conflicts. All these factors restrict the resolution of interna-tional religious conflicts, and hinder international cooperation and development. International Religious NGOs is one of the major members of international community. It has developed complete intervention mechanism during the long process of coping with religious conflicts relying on training, prayer, direct mediation, and development aid programs and so forth. As religious NGOs are religious, non-governmental, and international, in comparison with secular international organizations, they are able to take advantage of the power of religion to resolve religious conflicts, which helps to build public platforms, promote religious dialogues and intergover-nmental cooperation, carry out international collaboration to resolve the religious conflicts as they break out. With the religious issue increasingly complicated in the future,International Religious NGOs will undoubtedly play a more positive role in resolving religious conflicts.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 37-44 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 501KB] ( 699 )

	45	The Theoretical Dimension of International Energy Cooperation
		XIONG Xing, HU Zong-shan
		Energy is the fundamental resources for national development. Countries compete and cooperate to secure sustainable energy. The study of international cooperation theories started in 1970s. After years of development, many theories have come into being in this regard. The theories such as neo-realism, neo-liberal institutionalism, constructivism and neo-Marxism provide systematic discussions on the issues of international cooperation, which give us inspirations and theoretical guidance on the issue of international energy cooperation.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 45-49 [Abstract] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 408KB] ( 416 )

Economics Studies

	50	Dynamic Impact of International Trade upon Chinese Labor Market
		Zhao Chunming, Wang Chunhui
		Since reform and opening up, China has undergone tremendous development in international trade, which leads to economic growth, per capita income increase, and better employment. International trade absorbs much surplus labor in China, especially by way of processing trade, and provides an effective way for China to export surplus labor, create jobs, and increase people’s income in a particular historic period. Probing into the annual sequential information from 1980 to 2013, we find that the processing trade has only short-term impact on employment, whereas long-term effect is unsustainable. The key to resolving the issue is to nurture new edge in international economic competition, give an impetus to the transformation and upgrading of trade and industrial structure, consistently move up to the top of the global value chain, seek to secure a larger chunk in the profit distribution so as to make our foreign trade enterprises more competitive to achieve a balanced and steady relationship between foreign trade and labor market in the long run.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 50-58 [Abstract] ( 47 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 685KB] ( 957 )

	59	Review of the Latest Development of International Auditing Report Standard: Based on the Analytical Structure of Expectation Distance, Information Gap, and Communication Gap
		LIU Mu-hua, CAI Li, LIU Yao, YU Yu
		On Jan. 15, 2015, the international auditing and verification standards board officially issued the revised auditing report standard, which ended the use of 80-year-old short-form auditing report mode and ushered in a new era of using the long-form auditing report mode. The latter is expected to have far-reaching influence on the auditing profession. The new standard made a lot of efforts in narrowing the expectation distance, information gap, and communication gap, but we may still encounter a lot of challenges and problems in its implementation. Only when the ideas behind the standard revision are carried out in practice can the new standard have expected effect.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 59-66 [Abstract] ( 64 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 484KB] ( 624 )

	75	A Simulation of the Regulation Effects of China’s Monetary Policy on Housing Prices with a New Keynesian DSGE Model
		LI Song-hua
		This paper constructs a New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE) including sticky prices, monetary policies and housing prices, and employs impulse response to analyze the regulation effects of the interest rate and credit on China’s housing prices with parameters calibration. The simulation results are as follow: the positive shocks of both interest rate and credit drive up China’s housing prices; higher real estate mortgage rates can effectively lower the promoting effect of monetary policies on housing prices, which means in order to control housing prices China should raise the house mortgage rate, namely, reduce down payment.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 75-79 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 619KB] ( 377 )

Legal Studies

	80	The Construction of Legal Mechanism of Fiduciary Obligation of the Actual Controller
		WANG Shi-hu, YANG Gan
		The construction of legal mechanism of fiduciary obligation of the actual controller requires not only the consolidation of the entity, but also the guarantee of the mechanism. Without the mechanism guarantee, rights are just empty slogans. The improvement of the mechanism is essential to the construction of legal mechanism of fiduciary obligation of the actual controller. To improve the mechanism, we need to consolidate, optimize, and develop the procedural guarantee mechanism, supervision guarantee mechanism, and liability ascertainment mechanism.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 80-85 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 433KB] ( 584 )

	86	On the Ideological Origin, Connotation and Value Orientation of Legal View of Wei-Jin Metaphysics
		CAO Yi-bo
		The legal view of Wei-Jin metaphysics originated during the transformation from the study of Confucian classics to divination studies in Han Dynasty, when criticism and reflection on Confucianism emerged as a trend. Its direct theoretical origin was the idea of ontology. It was mainly embodied in the arguments on “non-being” and “being”, on the relationship between language and meaning, and on the relationship between social norms and human nature. It was a great theoretical achievement of legal philosophy in ancient times, greatly promoting the development of Chinese traditional jurisprudence. Its values were mainly characterized by the unity of opposites between freedom and order, and elevation from metaphysical ontology to advocacy of “rule of man”.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 86-91 [Abstract] ( 41 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 490KB] ( 775 )

Studies of International Relation

	92	Historical Logic of MAO Ze-dong's Diplomatic Thought: Based on Political Considerations from International Relations Perspective
		ZHANG Xiang-qun, JIANG An
		In modern and contemporary diplomatic relations, MAO Ze-dong established the foreign policy with independent sovereignty, independent diplomacy, and national security as its core content and values. The inherent historical logic of MAO Ze-dong’s diplomatic thought is manifest in three major aspects: three diplomatic ecologies of colonialism and national states’ appeal for independent diplomacy, eastern movement of three major wars and the historic shift to independent diplomatic will, logic equation of three theories and independent diplomacy values. We need to give political consideration to MAO Ze-dong’s diplomatic thought from modern and contemporary international system perspective, to make rational inquiry through interaction between historic logic force and the logic of diplomatic politics, and to give to it historic connotation and modern values, which is the philosophical basis and logic premise to scientifically monitor diplomatic practice of New China.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 92-97 [Abstract] ( 72 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 459KB] ( 483 )

	98	An Analysis on the Perception Gap of China’s National Image and Its Reasons
		XU Yu-yan
		National image is an “intangible asset” and “reputation capital” of realizing national interests. With the development of globalization, it is urgent for China to construct its national image. According to the evaluation reports of national images issued by BBC Global Scan in recent ten years, the perception of China’s image presents a relatively negative picture in terms of crisis of “international image”, “regional differences”, and imbalance between “self-knowledge” and “others’ recognition”. BBC Global Scan has been conducting follow-up investigation into the national images of many countries for a couple of years. With quantitative statistics and analysis of relevant data via sampling, BBC’s investigation undoubtedly offers an insight into the “symptoms” of China’s image such as divided and different international perceptions, multipolar difference and even enormous divergence, and provides an explanation of the reasons behind these “symptoms” like “value difference”, so as to offer theoretical support and reference in building a positive image for China.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 98-102 [Abstract] ( 87 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 611KB] ( 574 )

Studies of Cultural Industry

	103	The Historical Evolution and Enlightenment of the Value Orientation of the Cultural Industry since the Founding of New China
		REN Cheng-jin, PAN Na-na
		Before the reform and opening up, the economic attributes and values of China's socialist culture have been in some ways developed, but there is no cultural industry in a modern sense. In terms of value orientation it always serves politics. It is not only subject to the national cultural development policies, but also serves the specific policies and tasks of CCP. After the reform and opening up, the state began to have a more rational understanding of the relationship between cultural industry and value orientation, and shift from being passive to being proactive in handling the relationship between the two. The value orientation of cultural industry shows the combination of dominance and diversity. Nonetheless, how to get the government more involved in guiding, regulating the creation and production of cultural products, how to better use the socialist core values to guide cultural industry, and how to coordinate social and economic interest are still topics of research.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 103-109 [Abstract] ( 51 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 482KB] ( 636 )

	110	Characteristics of French Cultural Funding System and Its Implication for China
		HUANG Yu-rong, CHE Da
		France’s brilliant cultural achievements are closely related to its sound cultural funding system. French cultural funding system is characterized by the combination of the following features: funding entities are primarily governments and are supplemented by enterprises and individuals; funding is provided by means of policy instruments such as legislation, financial investment, tax reduction, and quotas; focus on the cultural industries of good social benefits; operation mechanism is mainly decentralized and contract-based. What we can learn from French funding system are as follow: reinforce cultural legislation and follow cultural budget; ensure equal access to public cultural activities by funding; fund folk culture institutions and encourage public participation in cultural activities; fund key cultural industries and protect cultural discourse rights.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 110-115 [Abstract] ( 66 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 474KB] ( 762 )

Literary Studies

	116	Predicament in a Cross-cultural Context: Interpretation of Maugham’s China-related Stories
		ZHANG He-long
		Maugham wrote more than 150 stories in his lifetime, among which over one third are China-related. These works roughly fall into two major categories: one takes semi-colonial and semi-feudal China as the background, with White colonists or travelers as protagonists, such as “The Taipan”, “Mirage”, and “the consul”. The other takes Southeast Asia or South Pacific islands as the background. Into these stories Chinese elements are integrated into minor characters, plots or details, such as “Letter”, “Honolulu”, “the Door of Opportunity”, and” Footprints in the Jungle”. Both categories reveal the predicament in a cross-cutlural context against the background of colonialism and imperialism, and reflect the unequal political, economic, and cultural relationship between East and West. Rereading these stories certainly helps us understand the artistic value of Maugham’s stories and is of considerable significance for the communication between different cultures and civilizations.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 116-121 [Abstract] ( 65 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 525KB] ( 654 )

	122	Redundant “Courage”: on MAO Xiang-qing’s The Redundancy of Courage
		RUAN Wei, NI Na
		In The Redundancy of Courage, taking people’s fighting against invasion in postcolonial Danu (based on East Timor) as the background, MAO Xiang-qing (half Chinese, half English) creates Aldolf, a mercenary and traitor. As a guerilla, he surrenders and defects at a critical moment, showing the “redundant courage” to kill his comrade-in-arms. However, he then feels guilty and deeply sympathizes the cause of Danue people. The reason why MAO Xiang-qing creates such a figure lies in the fact that there is an irreconcilable tension between his self-identification as “English” and his Chinese origin and attributes, and that he has always had identity anxiety, uncertainty and contradiction of cultural identity in himself.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 122-127 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 495KB] ( 418 )

Artistic Studies

	128	A Preliminary Study on Art Intervention Models in Urban China Transformation
		LI Lei-lei
		With the wide acceptance of Chinese contemporary art in international arena, a wide range of artists, curators, and architects are passionately engaged in China’s urban transformation. The art intervention in urban China has become an overt question. However, research in this regard is scarce. This paper seeks to make a literary review of works on arts and geography in Western academic world, and discuss specific cases to illustrate the basic patterns of art invention in urban China. The influence of these patterns upon Chinese cities can be categorized into six types: the differentiation pattern in urban villages; artistic and commercial pattern based on industrial heritage in the transformation of old industrial cities and old factories; artistic taste and symbolic capital pattern in the newly constructed real estate projects and urban complexes; petit bourgeois consumption pattern in tourist cities and towns; government support pattern in creative clusters; instant activation pattern of the city’s art biennale.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 128-134 [Abstract] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 495KB] ( 635 )

	135	Nvwa Archetype: Analysis of the Female Images in New China Literature (1949—1976)
		TIAN Rong-hui
		Using western archetype criticism theory to analyze the female images in New China’s (1949—1976) literary works, we find Nvwa archetype of ancient China in female images in this period: they are endowed with rich cultural connotation representing harvest and reproduction; the creation of characters are based on the archetype of heroines; women in those stories are all selfless to benefit the career of collectivism, and are also miserable spokespeople for the oppressed. The reoccurrence of Nvwa archetype in the literary works of this period is closely linked to the contemporary social environment, the impact of Yan’an literature and art, and the folk art background and so forth.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 135-139 [Abstract] ( 58 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 657KB] ( 667 )

Historical Studies

	150	Game of Power: Conflict and Coordination in the Cleaning up of Public Property within Departments of KMT Government at Provincial Level
		FENG Bing
		After founding of KMT government, society and governments at all levels reconstructed the function of leadership and replaced the revolutionary politics to be dominant. The gradual development of economic construction, national education, health care, and social security was in extreme need of money. Financial reform, therefore, became an important channel for local governments to raise funds. Cleaning up public property left over by the predecessors as a part of the full-scale reforms was very much emphasized. The policies of cleaning up of public property were the authoritarian social value distribution plan, but as they were confined to interest reallocation and adjustment and restriction or change of personnel, the implementation of the policies were very complicated processes. Affected by many interest groups, pressure, tension, and conflict were common in implementation. As the cleaning-up work was carried out, the contradictions arising from public property management became increasingly obvious. The administrative offices at provincial level competed and fought against one another, the administrative offices against military offices, province-level offices against city-level offices; province-level against county-level units, all for the property management. They were all involved in a game of power by using equal power, rights and interests.
		2015 Vol. 32 (5): 150-159 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 605KB] ( 493 )

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