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| From “the Reconciliation within Necessity” to “Objective Power”: Marx’s Transcendence over Hegel’s “Actuality” Thought |
| HE Kun-lun |
| School of Humanities, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060 |
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Abstract The manifestation of the “actuality” of dialectics through “objective power” and the subsequent critique and transcendence of Hegelian dialectics constitute a crucial link in the transformation of Marx’s philosophy. Hegelian dialectics appeals to the dialectical movement of spirit to grasp the “things-itself”, believing that this process highlights “actuality”, which includes the unity of essence and existence, the reconciliation of reason and reality, and the inevitability of the development of logic. However, due to the fact that absolute spirit, as an inevitable priori existence, presupposes the entire speculative structure, “actuality” ultimately becomes a link for the spirit to restore itself, leading to the suppression of the individuality of things by the logic of inevitability, and the process of rational speculation being confused with the historic development. Marxist dialectics grasps the objective relationship between human beings and external nature based on sensory activities, grasps the objective relationship between human beings and external nature based on social relationships, grasps the objective relationship between human beings and social history based on the duality of “real individuals”, and grasps the dialectical relationship between special facts and general laws based on specific historical conditions, thus separating “actuality” from the abstract spiritual realm and endowing it with realistic content. On this basis, Marxist dialectics is based on the dynamic changes in the connotation of the “social existence” of reality beyond the abstraction of thinking, as well as the “reproduction” relationship between specific cognition and specific existence, to analyze the specific historical form of the objective activity mechanism of human beings. In essence, Marx rejects to reconcile reality with necessity within a speculative framework and aims to transform the world from the specific historical conditions of the real world, thus truly surpassing the Hegelian philosophy of concept movement.
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Received: 01 November 2025
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2026, Vol. 43 
