制造业企业数字化转型及多元化发展影响供应链韧性的协同路径及内在机制

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摘要在全球经济VUCA特征加剧的背景下,提升供应链韧性成为企业的关键任务。基于组态理论,运用模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）方法,以2646家制造业上市公司为样本,从数字化转型的广度和深度以及多元化发展的供应基础、产品和客户群3个维度出发,探讨企业提升供应链韧性的多种路径,研究发现高供应链韧性有5种配置路径：聚焦核心产品的需求侧驱动型、需求侧弹性补偿型、深度技术赋能型、规模支撑下的技术覆盖优先型以及广度优先与规模驱动型。这些路径凸显了数字化与多元化的双向赋能机制：数字化降低多元化管理成本并提升效率,多元化网络则为数字化提供应用场景与数据反哺。组态分析还表明,低供应链韧性通常源于数字化转型条件缺失对多元化优势的削弱。企业应根据自身规模与资源禀赋选择合适的发展路径,中小企业可优先通过客户多元化或特定技术深度应用增强供应链韧性,大型企业可借助规模优势实现技术广度布局与多元化协同。政策制定者需差异化施策,资助中小企业进行跨行业客户池共享平台及深度数字化基础设施建设;激励大型企业引领供应链整体数字化转型。通过“政策引导—企业协同—生态共建”的多层次体系,全面提升制造业企业的抗风险能力和动态恢复韧性。

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	王静

关键词 ：数字化转型, 企业多元化, 供应链韧性, 制造业, 协同机制, 组态分析

Abstract：Against the backdrop of intensifying VUCA characteristics in the global economy, improving supply chain resilience has become a critical task for enterprises. This study, based on configuration theory and using the Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method, using 2,646 listed manufacturing companies as a sample, explores various paths for companies to enhance supply chain resilience, focusing on the breadth and depth of digital transformation and the diversification of their supply base, products, and customer base. The study identified five configuration paths for achieving high supply chain resilience: a demand-side driven approach focused on core products, a demand-side elasticity compensation approach, a deep technology-enabled approach, a technology coverage-first approach supported by scale, and a breadth-first and scale-driven approach. These paths highlight the two-way enabling mechanism of digitalization and diversification: digitalization reduces diversification management costs and improves efficiency, while diversified networks provide application scenarios and data feedback for digitalization. The configuration analysis also shows that low supply chain resilience often stems from the weakening of diversification advantages due to the lack of conditions for digital transformation. Enterprises should choose appropriate development paths based on their scale and resource endowments. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can prioritize enhancing resilience through customer diversification or deep application of specific technologies, while large enterprises can leverage their scale advantages to achieve broad technological deployment and diversified synergy. Policymakers should implement differentiated policies, providing financial support to SMEs for cross-industry customer pool sharing platforms and the development of deep digital infrastructure, while encouraging large enterprises to lead the overall digital transformation of the supply chain. Through a multi-tiered system of “policy guidance, enterprise collaboration, and ecosystem co-construction”, the risk resistance and dynamic resilience of manufacturing enterprises can be comprehensively enhanced.

Key words： digital transformation enterprise diversification supply chain resilience manufacturing industry synergy mechanism configuration analysis

收稿日期: 2025-05-18

中图分类号:

F062.2

基金资助:国家社会科学基金西部项目“新形势下我国产业链供应链安全稳定战略研究”（22XJY028）; 西安市社会科学规划基金项目“西安深化科技创新和产业创新融合推进重点产业链高质量发展机制改革研究”（25GL127）; 西北政法大学国家级重大科研培育项目“产业链供应链韧性和安全水平的提升机制与路径研究”（2025ZD08）; 西北政法大学义乌研究院课题“‘一带一路’产业链供应链韧性保障商贸安全发展研究”（YW2025-28-1）

作者简介: 王静,工学博士,西北政法大学商学院教授、博士生导师,西北政法大学应急管理研究中心主任,主要从事产业经济学、物流与供应链管理、应急管理研究。

引用本文:

王静. 制造业企业数字化转型及多元化发展影响供应链韧性的协同路径及内在机制[J]. 《深圳大学学报》（人文社科版）, 2025, 42(6): 67-77. WANG Jing. Synergistic Paths and Intrinsic Mechanisms of Digital Transformation and Diversification in Manufacturing Enterprises Affecting Supply Chain Resilience. , 2025, 42(6): 67-77.

链接本文:

https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V42/I6/67

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