Abstract:Justice is the basis of rationality of modern society. If not built on profound tradition, modernity will never succeed. Without tradition sources, social justice is difficult to become social consensus. Without social justice, there will be no legal justice. Without legal justice, there is no political justice, which cannot guarantee long-term stability and prosperity of society. It is feasible to use traditional Chinese idea of righteousness to comprehend western theory of justice, to identify the connotation and foundation of modern distributive justice and corrective justice so as to make modern justice thoughts rich in traditional connotation and lay solid foundation and provide guidance for the construction of social justice in modern China.