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| Findings from British Legislation on Urban Water Service over a Century |
| TANG Juan, GUO Shao-qing |
| Institute of Urban Governance, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060 |
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Abstract Since the mid-19th century, there have been more than 1,000 laws and regulations on water management in the UK. According to its ultimate goals, legislation on water management in the UK can be divided into three phases: the initial phase from the mid-1800s to the 1920s when the legislation aimed to prevent and control water pollution and construct water conservation projects, the development phase from the 1930s to the 1970s when the water service legislation entered a period of comprehensive construction aiming to promote nationalization of water resources, public ownership of water service, and the innovation phase since the 1980s when the legislation aimed to deepen the market-oriented reform of the water system, strengthen public supervision, improve service quality and promote sustainable use of water resources. The principle characteristics embodied in the hundred years of legislation process of British urban water service is firstly to insist on putting legislation first and exclude any administrative activities when the law is absent. At the same time, the UK has upheld parliamentary sovereignty and authorization, ensuring the supremacy and authority of the basic law on water service and strictly following the principle of legal reservation in authorizing legislation. The British experience can be summarized as follows: it is problem-oriented and follows practical logic; it enshrines rule of law and adheres to the supremacy of law; it carries forward traditions and improves by trial and error. It is based on autonomy and promotes legal coordination
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Received: 19 August 2019
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2019, Vol. 36 
