|
|
|
| Assignment of Officials and Commissioners: A Basic Evolution Pattern of Ancient Political System of China |
| LI Yi-chun |
| College of History and Culture, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong, 276005 |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The prime minister's office, which was mainly responsible for decision-making, constantly changed and improved through commissioner assignment, and had the organizational advantages of overall planning, strong teamwork and flat organization. Through assignment of officials and commissioners, the central government strengthened its supervision over local governments, causing continuous changes of the supervision system. These changes made the administrative divisions and governance more flexible and adaptable. In many cases, the assignment system of officials and commissioners was a correctional and remedial measure to cope with malpractices of the regular political system (such as low efficiency and shift the blame/responsibility onto somebody) as well as an emergency system to handle the unexpected. Therefore, it is of positive significance. However, if poorly designed, this system would have negative impact on the original political system, resulting in problems such as overstaffed institutions, overlapping functions, ambiguous duties, working against one another, and low efficiency.
|
|
Received: 06 August 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 脱脱.宋史(卷162)·职官二[M].北京:中华书局,1977. 3768.
[2] 李宜春.内辅体制:古代宰相制度研究的新角度[J].长江大学学报(社会科学版),2019,(3):97.
[3] 杜佑.通典(卷22)·职官四[M].长沙:岳麓书社,1995.304.
[4] 欧阳修.新唐书(卷46)·百官一[M].北京:中华书局,1975.1183.
[5] 班固.汉书(卷19)·百官公卿表[M].北京:中华书局,2007.106.
[6] 刘琳. 宋会要辑稿(卷42)·职官[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2014.4101.
[7] 赵尔巽.清史稿(卷116)·职官志三[M].北京:中华书局,1976 .3336.
[8] 刘昫.旧唐书(卷105)·列传第55[M].北京:中华书局,2000.2181.
[9] 李伯元. 官场现形记[M].北京:中华书局,2013.11.
[10] 胡思敬.国闻备乘(卷2)·张之洞骄蹇无礼[M].北京:中华书局,2007.83.
[11] 董诰. 全唐文[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1990.1918. |
|
|
|
2019, Vol. 36 
