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| The Classical Origin of Modern Enlightenment Subjects |
| LIU Sen-lin |
| Philosophy and Social Development College of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100 |
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Abstract Dialectics of Enlightenment uses modern subjectivity, tool rationality, and interest exchange principles to interpret Homer’s epics. It diminishes the role of gods but highlights rational choices of humans, and even takes Odysseus as the prototype of modern bourgeoisie. It emphasizes sadness and fear, and anger and slaughter out of these feelings, revealing negative emotions and subjectivity are inseparable. Besides, it stresses reconciliation between the classical subject and nature. Through this interpretation, Dialectics of Enlightenment extends enlightenment criticism to the strategies of ancient Greek mythologies at the beginning of Western civilization, which can be suspected as over-interpreting the classics and obviously make the interpretation quite modern, and at the same time pays homage to the classical subject of classical characteristics, revealing the classical subject is more lovely, real and hopeful than modern bourgeoisie. It is biased only to criticize Dialectics of Enlightenment for using modern logic to interpret classic spirit. We should also see the positive sides of this strategy: it returns to the original state, presents the real look of human life, and highlights ills of modern civilization. It is of positive significance to trace the enlightenment subject to Odysseus.
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Received: 10 November 2016
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2017, Vol. 34 
