Abstract：The cores of Confucius' Ethics are benevolence and rites, which are closely related to each other. The relationship of the two is recognized as this: the benevolence is regarded as internal and the rites external in the academic circle. In fact, the two have both internal parts and external parts at the same time. Internal parts include “feelings” and “virtue”, which are launched by feelings and the internal virtue is regarded as the final destination. External parts include actions, without which nobody could truly reach benevolence and rites, while bodies are the carriers that connect feelings and action, rites and benevolence, the internal and the external. The ethics of Confucius is seen from the view of ritual study of bodies, which could present a kind of ethical construction of ritual study. The first is the ritual orientation, which reveals the multiple meanings and connects the meanings of the natural body, the social body and the cultural one through the collective performance and distinguishes men from other beings. The second is the emotional orientation. The rites of Confucius are full of warmth and emotion, without which they will be despised by Confucius and cannot change from external norms to internal virtues. The third is the educational orientation. Confucius sets himself as an example and teaches by personal example as well as verbal instruction, which are embodied in his emotional performance of rites; otherwise, the educational effect could not be generated. The fourth orientation is moral, ritual study of bodies forms the internal virtue from the external to the internal, by which Confucius changes rites, which are considered external by people, into the internal virtues.
李丽丽. 孔子身体礼学的伦理建构[J]. 《深圳大学学报》（人文社科版）, 2025, 42(5): 40-51.
LI Li-li. The Ethical Construction of Bodies' Ritual Study of Confucius. , 2025, 42(5): 40-51.
2025, Vol. 42 
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