冷战后资本主义阵营衍化：进程、特征及影响

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摘要近30年来,资本主义阵营并未因冷战结束而瓦解,而是仍然存续衍化。其衍化的第一阶段（漂流、凝聚与优化时期）由是否需要保留资本主义阵营到对资本主义阵营整合凝聚并同时迅速扩张,资本主义阵营功能由防御为主转向进攻为主;第二阶段（疲软与强行调整时期）资本主义阵营对外扩张劲头衰减,内部分歧及争权夺利之势加重,资本主义阵营的离散性与凝聚性交错显现;第三阶段（内讧风起云涌时期）资本主义阵营成员国与主导国矛盾恶化的离散态势凸显,但总体上依然若即若离。资本主义阵营衍化的主因是美国维护全球霸权与获益、以西方自由民主价值观认同为核心的冷战思维作祟、成员国角色获益。从长远看,资本主义阵营衍化阻碍国际格局良性转型,危害世界和平与发展,其敌视中国是常态的;其成员国因本阵营的内部矛盾与中国合作,是国别利益驱使的游移行为;其离散状态与阶段性困境客观上有益于世界格局多极化及中国和平发展。

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关键词 ：资本主义阵营, 衍化进程, 冷战思维, 西方民主自由价值观, 国际格局, 多极化

Abstract：Over the past 30 years, the capitalist camp has not collapsed with the end of the Cold War, but has continued to evolve. In the first stage of its evolution (the period of drifting, cohesion, and optimization), the capitalist camp went through the period of uncertainty when it was not sure about whether it was necessary to retain the camp to the period of consolidation and rapid expansion of the camp at the same time. Its function shifted from defensive to aggressive. In the second stage (the period of weakness and adjustment), the camp went weak on external expansion while internal division and power struggle intensified, and it was torn between dispersion and cohesion. In the third stage (the period of dramatic internal strife), the conflicts between member states and the dominant countries in the capitalist camp became increasingly prominent. It showed a clear sign of dissolution, but countries within the camp, on the whole, were in an ambiguous relationship. The primary reasons for the evolution of the capitalist camp are that the United States defends its global hegemony and benefits from it, that the Cold War mentality based on the recognition of Western liberal and democratic values is at work, and that member states benefit from the camp. In the long run, the evolution of the capitalist camp hinders the benign transformation of world structure and threatens world peace and development. Hostility toward China is the norm in the capitalist camp. Its member states cooperate with China due to the conflicts in the camp, which is an expedient choice driven by national interests. Its dissolution and periodical predicament are beneficial to the multi-polarization of the world structure and the peaceful development of China.

Key words： capitalist countries evolution process Cold War mentality Western values of democracy and freedom international situation multi-polarization

收稿日期: 2020-08-20

中图分类号:

K103

作者简介: 钮维敢,法学博士,国家社会科学基金重大项目首席专家,北京建筑大学马克思主义学院引进学科带头人、教授,中共江苏省委党校江苏党的建设理论与实践创新研究院研究员,主要从事国际关系与国际法研究。

引用本文:

钮维敢. 冷战后资本主义阵营衍化：进程、特征及影响[J]. 《深圳大学学报》（人文社科版）, 2021, 38(1): 89-102. NIU Wei-gan. Evolution of the Capitalist Camp after the Cold War: Process, Characteristics and Influence. , 2021, 38(1): 89-102.

链接本文:

https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V38/I1/89

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