基因编辑的良法善治：在谦抑与开放之间

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摘要基因编辑在全球范围内引发巨大争议,加强法律规范之需求凸显。基因编辑在助力精准医疗、改善人类健康方面意义重大,但其同时潜在的巨大风险令人生畏。出于对生命的敬畏,并鉴于目前技术上的不成熟性,规制基因编辑的法律必须持谦抑立场、恪守人性尊严之底线。与此同时,法律应保持适度的开放性,为科学进步和社会发展预留通往未来的路。现阶段法律许可的基因编辑范围应当被严格限制在那些安全有效性已得到确保的情形,包括基础性研究和临床前研究中的基因编辑、体细胞基因编辑。生殖系基因编辑的临床试验及应用、增强性基因编辑目前应被禁止,但在未来其安全性得到确保、社会共识达成和有效监管到位的情况下存在解禁的可能。

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	田野
	刘霞

关键词 ：基因编辑, 风险, 良法, 谦抑性, 开放性, 有限许可

Abstract：Gene editing has caused great controversy on global scale, and it is of urgent need to strengthen legal regulation in this regard. Gene editing is of great significance in helping precision medicine and improving human health, but it has huge potential risks. In awe of life, and in view of the current technical immaturity, the law regulating genetic editing must be in agreement with the modesty and restraint principle and defend the bottom line of human dignity. At the same time, the law should be moderately open, leaving space for scientific progress and social development. At present, the law should only offer limited permit to the researches and applications of genetic editing whose safety has been verified, including gene editing and somatic gene editing in basic research and preclinical research. The clinical trials and applications of germline gene editing and gene editing for enhancement should be banned at present, but the ban may be lifted in the future when their safety is verified and social consensus is reached and effective supervisions are in place.

Key words： gene editing risk proper regulation modesty principle openness limited permit

收稿日期: 2018-05-06

D920.0

基金资助:国家社会科学基金资助项目“人体基因检测的法律规制研究”（13CFX063）

作者简介: 田野,法学博士,天津大学法学院副教授,主要从事基因科技法研究;刘霞,法学硕士,武汉市江汉区人民法院法官助理。

引用本文:

田野, 刘霞. 基因编辑的良法善治：在谦抑与开放之间[J]. 《深圳大学学报》（人文社科版）, 2018, 35(4): 106-115. TIAN Ye, LIU Xia. Proper Regulation of Gene Editing: Being Modest and Open. , 2018, 35(4): 106-115.

链接本文:

https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/Y2018/V35/I4/106

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