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| Who Has Been Having a Second Child in the Past Decade: Results from 2506 Families in Six Cities Nationwide |
| FENG Xiao-tian |
| School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001 |
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Abstract The key to increase the birth rate in China is to increase the number of second child fertility, and understanding the social characteristics of the child-bearing age groups who have given birth to a second child is of great significance to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the supporting policies for two-child births. The sample survey results of 2506 married people with children in six cities in China show that, couples who have given birth to a second child have the following characteristics in the 10 years since the implementation of the “selective two-child” policy: three-quarters of the two-child mothers have their second child at the age of 28-37, at the same time, mothers over 35 years old account for 30%, compared with mothers of one child, the birthing age of mothers of two children is relatively dispersed and expanded; the proportion of parents who are both non-only children is nearly 70%, and this type of parents is the main force in having a second child; the educational level of parents with two children is slightly lower than that of parents with one child; the proportion of the two-child mothers engaged in “white-collar” occupations is lower than that of one-child mothers, while the proportion in “blue-collar” jobs, individually-owned business, housework and unemployed is higher than that of one-child mothers; in every ten parents with two children, two are rural couples, two are urban and rural intermarried couples, and six are urban couples; there is no obvious difference between the two-child parents and one-child parents in economic conditions, which means that in addition to economic conditions, there are other factors that have a greater impact on the birth of a second child; the sex ratio of the first child born by the parents of two children is significantly lower than that of the child born by the parents of one child, which reveals that some people choose to have a second child because the first child is a girl; more than 80% of couples with two children have an age interval of 2-9 years between the second child and the first child, and more than 50% of them have an age interval of 2-5 years. The revelation of the reality of second-child births in cities over the past decade will help to better analyze and explain the relationship between the different social characteristics of the childbearing population and the desire to have a second child and the birth outcomes.
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Received: 29 February 2024
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2024, Vol. 41 
