民国时期深港两地西部通连的构划与实践

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摘要交通是经济社会发展的重要条件,是区域联系的纽带和区域关系发展的基础,交通社会史研究也是学界关注的热点问题之一。民国初期,政权更迭频繁,社会动荡不安。当时的广东省宝安县仍以自然经济为主导,生产力落后,现代化水平低下。交通条件欠佳是阻碍宝安县社会经济发展的原因之一。1930年前后,香港宝安商会筹资成立岩口车路公司,修筑宝安县岩口公路、蛇口码头,开通了乌石岩至蛇口的公路与蛇口至中国香港的小轮航线,形成了北起宝安乌石岩、南连香港元朗,公路与海路联运,贯通宝安县、香港西部地区的交通运输通道,丰富了两地间的交通路径和出行方式。民国前期,这条线路便利了宝安县与香港两地的生产生活往来;抗战时期,岩口公司运营的水上线路不畏日军武力威胁,最大限度地维系着两地日常的人员往来与物资供应,为华南抗战作出了贡献。岩口水陆交通线的初建和运营,开启了深港两地西部通连的最初实践,促进了两地社会的交往、交流、交融,并成为后续深圳蛇口工业区和深港西部通道建设的滥觞,也为新时代大湾区城市协同发展的宏大实践提供经验借鉴。

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关键词 ：民国时期, 深港两地, 岩口水陆交通线, 香港宝安商会, 西部通连, 绅商群体

Abstract：Transportation is the condition and content for economic and social development. It is a link for regional connections and the foundation for the development of regional relations. The study of the transportation social history is also one of the hot issues in academia. In the early years of the Republic of China, there were frequent changes of political power and social unrest. At that time, Bao’an County, Guangdong Province（now Shenzhen City) was still dominated by natural economy, with backward productivity and low level of modernization. Poor transportation conditions are one of the reasons that hindered the social and economic development of Bao’an County. Around 1930, the Po On Commercial Association in Hong Kong raised funds to establish the Yankou Road Company, built the Yankou Highway and Shekou Wharf in Bao’an County, opened the highway from Wushiyan to Shekou and the ferry route from Shekou to Hong Kong, forming a transportation channel starting from Wushiyan, Bao’an in the north and connecting to Yuen Long, Hong Kong in the south, with road and sea transport, connecting the western Bao’an and western Hong Kong and enriching the transportation routes and travel modes between the two places. Before the Anti-Japanese War, this route facilitated the production and life exchanges between Bao’an and Hong Kong. During the Anti-Japanese War, the water route operated by Yankou Company was subject to the threat of Japanese military force and maintained the daily personnel exchanges and material supply between the two places to the greatest extent, making contributions to the Anti-Japanese War in South China. The initial construction and operation of the Yankou water and land transportation line opened up the initial practice of connecting the western parts of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, promoted the interaction, communication and integration of these two societies, and became the beginning of the subsequent construction of the Shenzhen Shekou Industrial Zone and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Western Corridor. It also provided experience for the grand practice of coordinated development of cities in the Greater Bay Area in the new era.

Key words： the Republic of China Era Shenzhen and Hong Kong Yankou water and land transportation line the Po On Commercial Association in Hong Kong western connection gentry merchant group

收稿日期: 2024-06-09

中图分类号:	K258
	K26

基金资助:国家“十四五”文化重大工程项目“中华民族交往交流交融史·港澳台侨卷”(SLHB-001)

作者简介: 吴青,暨南大学文学院教授,主要从事粤港澳史、中西文化交流史研究;罗文捷,暨南大学文学院博士研究生,主要从事中国香港史、深港关系史研究。

引用本文:

吴青, 罗文捷. 民国时期深港两地西部通连的构划与实践[J]. 《深圳大学学报》（人文社科版）, 2024, 41(6): 123-133. WU Qing, LUO Wen-jie. Planning and Implementation of the Western Connection between Shenzhen and Hong Kong during the Republic of China Era. , 2024, 41(6): 123-133.

链接本文:

https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.szu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V41/I6/123

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